tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-37335659575075728152024-03-07T13:53:17.355+05:30Vipin's Blog.. <br>
<i>If you have knowledge,Share it,<br>let others light their candles:)</i>v!p!nhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01741983601480799957noreply@blogger.comBlogger117125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3733565957507572815.post-79497259336951685642017-06-07T13:42:00.000+05:302017-06-08T13:36:19.522+05:30Restore USB space without third party tool<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span> <span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span> <span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Hi friends,</span><br />
<span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span> <span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">In this post, we will see how to restore USB space without any third party tool in Windows!!</span><br />
<span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span> <span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">This method is 100% guaranteed and illustrated with screenshots to understand better</span><br />
<span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span> <span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">1. Start command prompt as administrator (open the start menu, type</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;"><b><span style="color: blue;"> cmd</span> </b></span><span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">and press Enter.)</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgne2cQYufyMfneKCPhTivBFjoQftnpoa2bXRrWeMXcmXfrhyQmWCtOoNqeSHY9nsT-OwbCjAR_R8X7DG2e6HC2933HfWaYVNrsftcCKOj9fVryFeGlmV1XSq8bV_LYHzW8IyrWCCSVUKY/s1600/1.PNG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="542" data-original-width="757" height="286" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgne2cQYufyMfneKCPhTivBFjoQftnpoa2bXRrWeMXcmXfrhyQmWCtOoNqeSHY9nsT-OwbCjAR_R8X7DG2e6HC2933HfWaYVNrsftcCKOj9fVryFeGlmV1XSq8bV_LYHzW8IyrWCCSVUKY/s400/1.PNG" width="400" /></a></div>
<span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span id="goog_338469878"></span><span id="goog_338469879"></span><br /></span> <span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span> <span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">2. Type </span><span style="color: blue; font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;"><b class="">diskpart</b></span><span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> and press Enter.</span></span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg55UTkN0X3svax241xW6jg2FNbmnCzJ9nZikL7wGIx51YCGmGINDxQPIKkz4krihkQOWvLdEFXsDfpQ5obXh04CiP5IbO_YnH_hJvl94uYmXQHWhOwanwPfFvV7xA9k-Gn64uBroCj1TA/s1600/2.PNG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="542" data-original-width="757" height="286" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg55UTkN0X3svax241xW6jg2FNbmnCzJ9nZikL7wGIx51YCGmGINDxQPIKkz4krihkQOWvLdEFXsDfpQ5obXh04CiP5IbO_YnH_hJvl94uYmXQHWhOwanwPfFvV7xA9k-Gn64uBroCj1TA/s400/2.PNG" width="400" /></a></div>
<span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span> <span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span> <span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">3. Type </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;"><b>List disk</b></span><span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> </span></span><span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">and press Enter. </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> </span><br />
<span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Select the disk you want to restore.</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0B-t27_Qv4Ulr2osTYAm1cUxWdOBrdMFAOxnm27XIgYRADM5P8CNjC803r7gtPjwh9LB7wthYEcETlNmEtDpMIyRPAgVgUC3Zx5r7cRfMM3GWfiMhM7nqFlh3KhDT-14P3WR-FtYa9yU/s1600/3.PNG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="542" data-original-width="757" height="286" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0B-t27_Qv4Ulr2osTYAm1cUxWdOBrdMFAOxnm27XIgYRADM5P8CNjC803r7gtPjwh9LB7wthYEcETlNmEtDpMIyRPAgVgUC3Zx5r7cRfMM3GWfiMhM7nqFlh3KhDT-14P3WR-FtYa9yU/s400/3.PNG" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">4. Type </span><span style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;"><b>select disk #</b></span><span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> </span></span><span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">and press Enter where # is the disk number</span><br />
<span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Type </span><span style="color: blue; font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;"><b>list partition</b></span><span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">and press Enter</span><br />
<span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="color: black; font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Type </span><b><span style="color: blue;">select partition #</span> </b></span><span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">and press Enter</span><br />
<span style="color: black; font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Type </span><b><span style="color: blue;">delete partition</span></b></span><span style="color: blue; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">and press Enter</span><br />
<span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Repeat this step and delete all partitions from that drive.</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjs8HiKWwn3bqmOa1VEK3bcW561_-Fc3wXkswMfXpiTRQjmcKI2X-u5Mn5coSZ5acBVVGNyjGi9bn_FtHLJReCN8xhbS10ESvVEfrHRSRovOoO0dRNOmjYJANTjhAS2EX_geo91XwT_aIY/s1600/4.PNG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="542" data-original-width="757" height="286" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjs8HiKWwn3bqmOa1VEK3bcW561_-Fc3wXkswMfXpiTRQjmcKI2X-u5Mn5coSZ5acBVVGNyjGi9bn_FtHLJReCN8xhbS10ESvVEfrHRSRovOoO0dRNOmjYJANTjhAS2EX_geo91XwT_aIY/s400/4.PNG" width="400" /></a></div>
<span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span> <span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">5.Type</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;"><b> <span style="color: blue;">exit</span></b></span><span style="color: blue; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> to go back from diskpart </span><br />
<span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Remove the USB. </span><br />
<span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span> <span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Re-insert the USB. </span><br />
<span style="color: red; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">DO NOT CLICK FORMAT</span><br />
<span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Type</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;"><b> <span style="color: blue;">diskpart </span></b></span><span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">and press Enter.select the disk. </span><br />
<span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">type </span><span style="color: blue; font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;"><b>create partition primary</b></span><span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">and press Enter</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQjRUHQdqcMxE8TtLGVnyqSUyZPCXYq-hAv8HZEeo9ZBRAwYQZV7rc1Up79tCE_HretDnvq97KBhO04cX8CgatkroFQHy8Zqg-yBK0lbzZId2YNvefoh0V1KDuhIGsotaLDBiYsJiVFCQ/s1600/5.PNG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="542" data-original-width="757" height="286" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQjRUHQdqcMxE8TtLGVnyqSUyZPCXYq-hAv8HZEeo9ZBRAwYQZV7rc1Up79tCE_HretDnvq97KBhO04cX8CgatkroFQHy8Zqg-yBK0lbzZId2YNvefoh0V1KDuhIGsotaLDBiYsJiVFCQ/s400/5.PNG" width="400" /></a></div>
<span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span> <span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">6.Type</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;"><b> </b></span><span style="font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;"><b class=""><span style="color: blue;">exit </span> </b></span><span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">to</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> go back from </span>diskpart </span><br />
<span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">type <span style="color: blue; font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;"><b>diskmgmt.msc</b></span><span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> and </span></span><span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">press Enter.</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgR8WSzaUM1bnzxGwqVNXbS6_U8deRwRLZmdKmaOGNt4dH9rHFpFEpzcHVxsAmIFHkZSe8yegHkwEeyoLlPGcD8POUc_2P2uL1WUh2B4ssN38X3GaZgjqRq8mzs8Ya_ZQkdg33xXuys-hY/s1600/6.PNG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="452" data-original-width="640" height="282" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgR8WSzaUM1bnzxGwqVNXbS6_U8deRwRLZmdKmaOGNt4dH9rHFpFEpzcHVxsAmIFHkZSe8yegHkwEeyoLlPGcD8POUc_2P2uL1WUh2B4ssN38X3GaZgjqRq8mzs8Ya_ZQkdg33xXuys-hY/s400/6.PNG" width="400" /></a></div>
<span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span> <span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">7.Right click on USB disk, and select format. The allocation unit size option should be the default, and the File System option should be set to FAT32.</span><br />
<span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span> <span style="color: purple; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b>Voila.!! You got your USB storage back!</b></span><br />
<span style="color: purple; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b><br /></b></span> <span style="color: purple; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b><br /></b></span> <span style="color: purple; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
v!p!nhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01741983601480799957noreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3733565957507572815.post-31140528753887447012016-12-11T10:19:00.000+05:302017-03-14T12:12:13.895+05:30Quick way to see facebook 2016 year in review<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
Hi friends,<br />
<br />
See your 2016 review on facebook!!<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2KKhAjL591ao4yklLeAmVBSpMME4SkpEATtAZYUpIu5kM9muGdi2iW1Q_8_K95DbRAB-Zl9G3J6SDeiUAvpnNq1gdluOzFL8uZ6YjsIur1ftLzLrKSKBvianapD5FtLqQBLOORH92rbI/s1600/Capture.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="317" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2KKhAjL591ao4yklLeAmVBSpMME4SkpEATtAZYUpIu5kM9muGdi2iW1Q_8_K95DbRAB-Zl9G3J6SDeiUAvpnNq1gdluOzFL8uZ6YjsIur1ftLzLrKSKBvianapD5FtLqQBLOORH92rbI/s320/Capture.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<ol style="text-align: left;">
<li><span style="color: #444444;"><b>Log into Facebook</b></span></li>
<span style="color: #444444;"><b>
</b></span>
<li><span style="color: #444444;"><b> go to <a href="https://www.facebook.com/yearinreview2016">Facebook.com/yearinreview2016</a>.</b></span></li>
</ol>
Enjoy </div>
v!p!nhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01741983601480799957noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3733565957507572815.post-8664061588286924142016-08-06T14:17:00.002+05:302016-08-06T15:41:05.854+05:30KERALA PSC COMPUTER SCIENCE PREVIOUS QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<span style="color: black;">Hello all,</span><br />
<span style="color: black;"><br /></span>
<span style="color: black;"><i>In this post we will discuss various technical questions (Computer Science) and answers asked in KERALA PSC examinations like computer programmer, computer science lecturer etc.</i></span><br />
<span style="color: black;"><i>Hope this will be helpful. :)</i></span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjgaNAFbBR9NLCOBuaTb3dwIsQlZ_5HMxmYAPlJWQ2Y0frBmw-RhETj9Yx816PVN1Q8oGZnuRV7JHD265G7HDAd-QjsCOgHhTa8hHoeyUiou3wwgRh9I9xCwqy4xVTfQARPTqvAEhQixlE/s1600/Computer-Science.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="color: black;"><img border="0" height="230" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjgaNAFbBR9NLCOBuaTb3dwIsQlZ_5HMxmYAPlJWQ2Y0frBmw-RhETj9Yx816PVN1Q8oGZnuRV7JHD265G7HDAd-QjsCOgHhTa8hHoeyUiou3wwgRh9I9xCwqy4xVTfQARPTqvAEhQixlE/s400/Computer-Science.jpg" width="400" /></span></a></div>
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<span style="color: black;">The questions were asked in <span style="font-family: Times-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">Programmer (145/2015) </span>post.</span></div>
<span style="font-size: 9pt;"><br class="Apple-interchange-newline" /></span>
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<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: black;">1. SCSI stand for : </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: black;">(A) Small Computer Systems Interface</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: black;"> (B) Simple Component
Systems Interface </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: black;">(C) Simple Computer Systems Interface </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: black;">(D) Small Component Systems Interface </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: black;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="color: black;">Answer A </span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->SCSI stands for Small Computer System Interface (SCSI)</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->It is a set of interface standards for attaching printers,
disk drives, scanners and other peripherals to computers. </span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->SCSI is pronounced as "skuzzy"</span></div>
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<span style="color: black;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="color: black;">2. Which of the following is a logical extension of
multiprogramming? </span></div>
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<span style="color: black;">(A) Multi processing </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: black;">(B) Multitasking </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: black;">(C) Real time processing </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: black;">(D) Distributed processing </span></div>
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<span style="color: black;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: black;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: black;">Answer B</span></div>
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<span style="color: black;">Remember these terms:</span></div>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-table-layout-alt: fixed; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;">
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<td style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 95.4pt;" valign="top" width="127"><div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="color: black;">Multiprogramming<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 383.4pt;" valign="top" width="511"><ul style="margin-top: 0in;" type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black;">One or more <b><i>programs</i></b> reside in main memory.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black;">Only one job is executed at a time.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black;">When current job is blocked or terminated next job is picked.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 95.4pt;" valign="top" width="127"><div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="color: black;">Multitasking<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 383.4pt;" valign="top" width="511"><ul style="margin-top: 0in;" type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black;">Extension of multiprogramming. <o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul>
<ul style="margin-top: 0in;" type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black;">Multiple jobs are executed at same time by switching between
them.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 95.4pt;" valign="top" width="127"><div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="color: black;">Multiprocessing<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 383.4pt;" valign="top" width="511"><ul style="margin-top: 0in;" type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black;">More than one physical <b><i>processor </i></b>is present.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black;">At a time more than one program get CPU for execution<o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 95.4pt;" valign="top" width="127"><div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="color: black;">Multithreading<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 383.4pt;" valign="top" width="511"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: black;">Allows
multiple threads to run at same time.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 95.4pt;" valign="top" width="127"><div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="color: black;">Multiuser<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 383.4pt;" valign="top" width="511"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: black;">Many users
can access at same time.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 95.4pt;" valign="top" width="127"><div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="color: black;">Real-time processing<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 383.4pt;" valign="top" width="511"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: black;">A processing system that needs to be completed within a
fixed time frame. Real-time processing does not have to be fast</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: black;">Eg: traffic lights, car engine control</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 95.4pt;" valign="top" width="127"><div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="color: black;">Distributed computing<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 383.4pt;" valign="top" width="511"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: black;">components are located on networked computers and they
communicate and coordinate their actions by passing messages</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: black;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: black;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: black;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: black;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: black;">3. Which among the following is not an example of a Java
wrapper class? </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: black;">(A) Char </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: black;">(B) Integer </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: black;">(C) Boolean </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: black;">(D) Byte </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: black;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: black;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: black;">Answer A</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: black;">Wrapper class in java provides the mechanism to convert
primitive into object and object into primitive.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: black;">Autoboxing: convert primitive to object</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: black;">Unboxing: Convert object to primitive<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: black;">Java has eight wrapper classes: Boolean, Character, Byte, Short, Integer, Long, Float and Double</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: black;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: black;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: black;">4. Which one of the following is not an ACID property?</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: black;"> (A) Atomicity </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: black;">(B) Consistency</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: black;"> (C) Isolation </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: black;">(D) Dependency Preservation</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: black;"><br /></span>
<span style="color: black;"><br /></span>
<span style="color: black;"><br /></span>
<span style="color: black;">Answer D</span><br />
<span style="color: black;"><br /></span>
<span style="color: black;">A DBMS should obey ACID properties to make the transactions
correct.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: black;">ACID properties stand for Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation
and Durability</span></div>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;">
<tbody>
<tr style="height: 20.65pt; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 20.65pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 1.2in;" valign="top" width="115"><div class="MsoNormal">
<i><span style="color: black;">ACID property<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 20.65pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 243.0pt;" valign="top" width="324"><div class="MsoNormal">
<i><span style="color: black;">Definition<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 20.65pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 149.4pt;" valign="top" width="199"><div class="MsoNormal">
<i><span style="color: black;">Responsibility of<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 1.2in;" valign="top" width="115"><div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="color: black;">Atomicity<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 243.0pt;" valign="top" width="324"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: black;">Either all tasks of the transaction are completed in the
database, or none are.</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 149.4pt;" valign="top" width="199"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: black;">Recovery manager /Transaction manager</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 1.2in;" valign="top" width="115"><div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="color: black;">Consistency<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 243.0pt;" valign="top" width="324"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: black;">Execution of a transaction must preserve the consistency
of the database.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: black;">Eg: if a faulty money transfer program credits an amount
less than it debited, the DBMS cannot detect it.</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 149.4pt;" valign="top" width="199"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: black;">Users/ user programs.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: black;"><br /></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 1.2in;" valign="top" width="115"><div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="color: black;">Isolation<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 243.0pt;" valign="top" width="324"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: black;">Each transaction will be executed as if it is the only
transaction in the system. </span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 149.4pt;" valign="top" width="199"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: black;">Concurrency control</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 1.2in;" valign="top" width="115"><div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="color: black;">Durability<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 243.0pt;" valign="top" width="324"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: black;">The database should hold all its latest updates even if
the system fails.</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 149.4pt;" valign="top" width="199"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: black;">Recovery manager</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="color: black;"><br /></span>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br />
<br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
5. Which among the following sorting method is also known as
Bucket sorting? </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
(A) Radix sort </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
(B) Heap sort </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
(C) Merge sort </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
(D) Quick sort </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Answer A:</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->The initial pass of both RadixSort and
BucketSort is exactly the same. </div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->The elements put in buckets of incremental
ranges (e.g. 0-9, 10-19, ... 90-99)</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->In the next pass, however, BucketSort sort these
'buckets' and appends sorted buckets into one array. However, RadixSort appends
the buckets without further sorting and 're-buckets' it based on the second
digit of the numbers. </div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->Hence, BucketSort is more efficient for 'Dense'
arrays, </div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->RadixSort can handle sparse arrays well.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
6. Which one of the following key is called the minimal
super key?</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
(A) Candidate key</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
(B) Super key </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
(C) Primary key </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
(D) None </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Answer A</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
• Candidate
key: A set of fields that can uniquely identify a tuple in a relation.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
• Super-key:
A set of fields in which at least one member is a candidate key.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
• Primary
key: One of the candidate keys which administrator has been selected to
identify a tuple.</div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
Unique key: The fields should not have duplicate values in
same table. It can have null values.</div>
</div>
</div>
v!p!nhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01741983601480799957noreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3733565957507572815.post-11588049635267239112016-02-13T15:43:00.000+05:302016-04-15T15:50:52.064+05:30RPC Sample code in Java<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<img src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg98QksA4fXnS0tn27BbXo6kEzf_hI5vNbUFoDsi5KAQdRets0_xghNzgfUg8XQt75mAHJyI2G8Iam82wcItBlJyTodUYmYtBtAQJqOP98NHPZOOlvZ3LVlnwOZdS6petllPETK1buTRN4/s1600/communication.png" /></div>
<span style="color: #274e13; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Hello friends,</span><br />
<span style="color: #274e13; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i>In this post we will see how RPC (Remote Procedure Call) mechanism can be implemented in Java<span style="color: #444444;">.</span></i></span><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #274e13; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i><span style="color: #444444;">R</span></i><i><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px; text-align: justify;">MI (Remote Method Invocation)</span><span style="background-color: white; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;"> is the special mechanism to do RPC in Java. RMI is the java flavor of RPC in other languages, but core concept is still same!</span></span></i></span></div>
<br />
<span style="background-color: white; color: #1d1d1d; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px; text-align: justify;">The main Idea is summarized as below:</span><br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<img src="http://koti.tamk.fi/~pohjus/java/lectures/pictures/rmi.png" height="265" width="400" /></div>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: verdana, helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 23px;">
<br /></div>
<div style="background-color: white;">
<span style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #1d1d1d;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , "times" , serif;"> In this example, we make a server (</span><span style="font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;">RMIServer.java</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , "times" , serif;">) to receive input text from client application and replies how many characters it received.</span></span></span></span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; font-size: 13px; line-height: 23px;">
<span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , "times" , serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px; text-align: justify;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: verdana, helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 23px;">
<br /></div>
<div style="background-color: white; font-size: 13px; line-height: 23px;">
<span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px; text-align: justify;">Server Side:</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; font-size: 13px; line-height: 23px;">
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px; text-align: justify;">Create a remote interface. (</span><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;">myInterface.java</span></span><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px; text-align: justify;">)</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px; text-align: justify;">Create a separate java file to implement the remote interface. (</span><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;">RMIServer.java</span></span><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px; text-align: justify;">)</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px; text-align: justify;">Register the interface in RMI registry (bind with any name eg:</span><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;"> myRMIService</span></span><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px; text-align: justify;">)</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div style="background-color: white; font-size: 13px; line-height: 23px;">
<span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px; text-align: justify;">Client Side:</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; font-size: 13px; line-height: 23px;">
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px; text-align: justify;">In client code, through interface name (in our case </span><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;">myRMIServic</span></span><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px; text-align: justify;">e)</span><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px; text-align: justify;"> create a "fake remote" object reference of server within client. (</span><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;">RMIClient.java</span></span><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px; text-align: justify;">)</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px; text-align: justify;">Through this reference access the server methods / services</span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div style="background-color: white;">
<span style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , "times" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;"><br /></span></span></span></div>
<div style="background-color: white;">
<span style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , "times" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;"><br /></span></span></span></div>
<div style="background-color: white;">
<span style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , "times" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;">Let us have a detailed look on code:</span></span></span></div>
<div style="background-color: white;">
<span style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , "times" , serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;"><br /></span></span></span></div>
<div style="background-color: white;">
<span style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , "times" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 24px;"><u><b>1. MyInterface.java</b></u></span></span></span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<ol>
<li><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;">import java.rmi.*;</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;">public interface</span><span style="color: #274e13; font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;"> </span><b><span style="color: blue; font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;">MyInterfac</span><span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;">e</span></b><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;"> extends Remote</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;">{</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;"> public String countInput(String input)throws RemoteException; </span></li>
<li><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;">}</span></li>
</ol>
<br />
<div style="background-color: white; text-align: left;">
<span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px; text-align: justify;"></span></span></div>
<div style="background-color: white;">
</div>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li style="font-size: 13px; line-height: 23px;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px; text-align: justify;">It simply says about a remote service to accept a string input and gives string output.</span></li>
<li><span style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #1d1d1d;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , "times" , serif;">Line no 4 insists that any code implementing this interface should have </span><span style="font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;">countInput</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , "times" , serif;"> method.</span></span></span></span></li>
</ul>
<br />
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: verdana, helvetica, arial, sans-serif; line-height: 23px;">
<span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , "times" , serif; line-height: 24px; text-align: justify;"><u><b><span style="font-size: large;">2. RMIServer.java</span></b></u></span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<ol>
<li><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;"><span style="font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;">import java.rmi.*;</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;"><span style="font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;">import java.rmi.server.*;</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;"><span style="font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;"><span style="color: #1d1d1d;">public class </span><b><span style="color: blue;">RMIServer</span></b><span style="color: #1d1d1d;"> extends UnicastRemoteObject implements MyInterface</span></span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;"><span style="font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;">{ </span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;"><span style="font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;"> public RMIServer()throws RemoteException</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;"><span style="font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;"> { </span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;"><span style="font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;"> System.out.println("Remote Server is running Now.!!"); </span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;"><span style="font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;"> } </span></span><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;"> </span></li>
<li><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;"><span style="font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;">public static void main(String arg[])</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;"><span style="font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;">{ </span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;"><span style="font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;"> try{ </span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;"><span style="font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;"> RMIServer p=new RMIServer();</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;"><span style="font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;"><span style="color: #1d1d1d;"> </span><span style="color: blue;"> Naming.rebind("rmiInterface",p);</span></span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;"><span style="font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;"> }</span></span><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;"> </span></li>
<li><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;"><span style="font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;">catch(Exception e)</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;"><span style="font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;">{ System.out.println("Exception occurred : "+e.getMessage()); } </span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;"><span style="font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;">}</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;"><br /></span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;"><span style="font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;"> @Override</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;"><span style="font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;"> public String countInput(String input) throws RemoteException </span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;"><span style="font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;"> {</span></span></li>
<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;"><span style="font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;"> System.out.println("Received your input "+ input+" at server!!");</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;"><span style="font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;"> String reply;</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;"><span style="font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;"> reply="You have typed "+ input.length() +" letters!!";</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;"><span style="font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;"> return reply;</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;"><span style="font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;"> }</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;">}</span></li>
</ol>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<ul>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #1d1d1d; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;">Line 3 says we are going to implement </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #1d1d1d; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;"><span style="font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;">MyInterface</span></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #1d1d1d; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;"> interface</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #1d1d1d; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;">Line 13 says we register this service with name </span><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: #1d1d1d;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;"><span style="font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;">rmiInterface</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , "times" , serif;">. Any client can access the services from this class using this name.</span></span></span></span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #1d1d1d; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;">Line 19-27 implements the methods offered</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #1d1d1d; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;"> by interface.</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b><u><span style="font-size: large;">3. RMIClient.java</span></u></b></div>
<div style="background-color: white; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<ol>
<li><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;"><span style="font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;">import java.rmi.*;</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;"><span style="font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;">import java.io.*; </span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;"><span style="font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;">public class RMIClient</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;"><span style="font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;">{ </span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;"><span style="font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;"> public static void main(String args[])</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;"><span style="font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;"> { </span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , "times" , serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;"> </span><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;"><span style="font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;"> try</span></span></li>
<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;"><span style="font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;"> { BufferedReader br=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in)); </span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;"><span style="color: #1d1d1d;"> </span><span style="color: blue;">MyInterface p=( MyInterface)Naming.lookup("</span></span><span style="color: blue;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;">rmiInterface</span><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;">");</span></span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;"><span style="font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;"> System.out.println("Type something..."); </span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;"><span style="font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;"> String input=br.readLine(); </span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;"><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;"> </span><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;">System.out.println(</span><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;"><span style="color: blue;">p.countInpu</span></span><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;">t(input)); </span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;"><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;"> </span><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;"> }</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;"><span style="font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;"> catch(Exception e) { </span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;"><span style="font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;"> System.out.println("Exception occurred : "+e.getMessage());</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;"><span style="font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;"> }</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;"><span style="font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;"> } </span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;"><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;"> </span><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;">} </span></span></li>
</ol>
<div>
<span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , "times" , serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Line 9: Looking for the remote service using the name!</span></span></span></div>
<div>
<span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , "times" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;">Line 12: Accessing the service using the remote object.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , "times" , serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , "times" , serif;"><span style="font-size: large; line-height: 24px;"><u><b>RESULT:</b></u></span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , "times" , serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , "times" , serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px;">Compile the java files.</span></span></span><br />
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<span style="color: #1d1d1d; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , "times" , serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px; text-align: justify;"></span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Run <span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-size: 16px; line-height: 17.4545px;">remote object </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-size: 16px; line-height: 17.4545px;">registry</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-size: 16px; line-height: 17.4545px;"> called </span> </span><span style="font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;">rmiregistry</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">. <span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-size: 16px; line-height: 17.4545px;">It is used by </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-size: 16px; line-height: 17.4545px;">RMI</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-size: 16px; line-height: 17.4545px;"> servers on the same host to bind remote objects to names.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Hope this post was useful!!</span><br />
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v!p!nhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01741983601480799957noreply@blogger.com12tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3733565957507572815.post-43279513344826530592015-08-02T23:57:00.001+05:302016-01-05T09:48:46.860+05:30RENAISSANCE IN KERALA: Women and Social Change :KERALA PSC SHORT NOTES<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: medium;">H</span>ello reader,</span></span><br />
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">In this
post we will discuss briefly about famous women who contributed to Renaissance in Kerala . Hope it will be
useful.<br /></span></span><br />
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><img alt="http://i1.wp.com/whatsurhomestory.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/20080216163308_20071128mural.jpg?resize=800%2C533" src="http://i1.wp.com/whatsurhomestory.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/20080216163308_20071128mural.jpg?resize=800%2C533" height="426" width="640" /> </span></span><br />
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> </span></span><br />
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: magenta;">Parvati Nenmenimangalam </span><br />Activist for the social reform of the Namboothiri women.<br />Parvathy Nilayangod, Parvathy Manazhi, Arya Pallam and Neeli Mangalass were other famous women activists worked for Nambooothiri women.<br /><br /><span style="color: magenta;">Lalithambika Antharjanam</span><br />author and social reformer; novel, Agnisakshi (1976) won the Kendra Sahitya Akademi Award and Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award in 1977<br />Autobiography : Aathmakadhakkoru Aamukham.</span></span><br />
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span></span><br />
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: magenta;">K.Devayani:</span> <br />Leader of Karivalloor Struggle.<br /><br /><span style="color: magenta;">Karthyaniamma: </span><br />The leading lady of the Tholviraku Samaram.<br /><br /><span style="color: magenta;">Accamma Cheriyan :</span><br />Leader in the agitation against C.P.Ramaswamy Aiyyar. Organized a mass rally from Thampanoor to the Kowdiar Palace of the Maharaja Chithira Thirunal Balarama Varma.<br />Organized the Desasevika Sangh (Female Volunteer Crops).<br /> Mahatma Gandhi named her as the Jhansi of Travancore.<br /><br /><span style="color: magenta;">Kaumudi Teacher</span><br />Activist of Bhoodaan movement.<br /><br /><span style="color: magenta;">A.V.Kuttimalu Amma</span><br /> Freedom fighter who went to jail with her two month old bay due to participation in the civil disobedience movement. She was the Director of Mathrubhumi.<br /><br /><span style="color: magenta;">Margaret Pavamani</span>: <br />President of the Kerala Mahila Desa Sevika Sangham; an organization for carrying on nationalist work and serving the cause of women.<br /><br /><span style="color: magenta;">Thottekkattu Madhavi Amma:</span><br />President of the first exclusive women session of the NSS in 1929.<br /><br /><span style="color: magenta;">Koothattukulam Mary :</span> <br />Freedom fighter; Veteran CPI Leader; Autobiography: Kanaleriyum Kalam.<br /><span style="color: magenta;"><br />Lalitha Prabhu: </span><br />Famous activist of Kerala Mahila Desa Sevika Sangh'. Participated in disobedient movement. British govt imprisoned her and ordered to surrender all jewel including Thali.<br /><br /><br /><span style="color: magenta;">Anna Chandy :</span><br />The first female judge in India and also the first woman in India to become a high court judge. Autobiography : -Atmakatha</span></span></div>
v!p!nhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01741983601480799957noreply@blogger.com35tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3733565957507572815.post-2789051291113155982015-05-10T18:26:00.003+05:302015-12-24T10:14:46.763+05:30RENAISSANCE IN KERALA: Important Leaders : KERALA PSC SHORT NOTES<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: large;">H</span>ello reader,</span></span><br />
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">This post discuss about famous leaders of Renaissance in Kerala. Details about each leader is given in as brief as possible. Hope it will be useful.</span></span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9TiUDAjJBjA4wLZYqkhRfCOKtu_tZFaet2_S1ZJkfCpHEIVN2Yjs9B-sRYACCSIl7TM0UtjZb31gm3QT0lHN7YC1q_sf8aAIj5RUUfxX5WgDF0oWDx0JxipizciAuV6YqCEL1vRx-Qsg/s1600/darken-satellite-map-of-kerala.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9TiUDAjJBjA4wLZYqkhRfCOKtu_tZFaet2_S1ZJkfCpHEIVN2Yjs9B-sRYACCSIl7TM0UtjZb31gm3QT0lHN7YC1q_sf8aAIj5RUUfxX5WgDF0oWDx0JxipizciAuV6YqCEL1vRx-Qsg/s640/darken-satellite-map-of-kerala.jpg" width="390" /></a></div>
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<span style="color: blue;"><u><b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> INDEX</span></b></u></span><br />
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<ol style="text-align: left;">
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Thycaud Ayya (1814 -1909)</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Ayya Vaikundar (1820-1851)</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Brahmananda Swami Shivayogi (1852-1929)</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Chattambi Swamikal (1853 -1924)</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Sree Narayana Guru(1856-1928)</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Dr Palpu (1863 -1950)</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Ayyathan Gopalan (1863- 1949) </span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">G. P. Pillai (1864–1903) </span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Ayyankali (1866-1941)</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">C Krishnan / Mithavadi Krishnan (1867-) </span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Kumaran Ashan ( 1873 – 1924)</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Vakkom Moulavi (1873 -1932)</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Moorkkothu Kumaran (1874- 1941) </span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Poykayil Yohannan /Poyakayil Appachan/ Kumara Guru (1878 -1939)</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Mannathu Padmanabhan (1878 - 1970)</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Pandit Karuppan (1885- 1938)</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">T. K. Madhavan (1885—1930) </span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">K P Keshava Menon (1886-1978) </span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> K Kelappan (1889-1971)</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">VT Bhattatiripad (1896 -1982)</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">A K Gopalan (1904-1977) </span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">P Krishnapillai (1906 - 1948) </span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Kuriakose Elias Chavara(1805 - 1871)</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Mampuram Thangal (1752-1845)</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Sahodaran Ayyappan (1889-1968)</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Pampady John Joseph(1887-1940)</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Makthi Thangal (1847-1912) </span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">C V Kunjuraman (1871- 1949) </span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Velukkutty Arayan (1894-1969)</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Kuroor Neelakandan Nambhoothirippad (1896- 1981) </span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">T R Krishna swami Iyer (1890 -1935)</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Swami Ananda Theerthan (1905 - 1987) </span></span></li>
</ol>
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-size: large;">Thycaud Ayya (1814 -1909)</span></u></span></span></span></span><br />
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Guru of Ayya Vaikundan, Sri Narayana Guru , Chattampi Swamikal and Ayyankali.</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Born in Madras</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">His original name was Subharayan.</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">First social reformer. He started "Panthibhojanam" (inter-dining) in Kerala</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Famous saying: "intha ulakathile oru jaathi oru matham oru kadavul"</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Founder of famous ” Saiva Prakasha Sabha” of chalai,Trivandrum .</span></span></li>
</ul>
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Ayya Vaikundar (1820-1851)</span></span></u></span><br />Worked for the upliftment of the Dalit Hindus.<br />He is referred to as Sampooranathevan (Mudi sodum Perumal), a deva (a deity) according to his followers.</span></span><br />
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Founder of Samathwa Samajam, a reform movement for nadar community.<br /><br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Brahmananda Swami Shivayogi (1852-1929)</span></span></u></span><br />Founded the Ananda Maha Sabha and Anandamatham (religion of bliss)<br />Founded the Asramam at Alathur in Palghat district<br />Condemned caste barriers, penance, pilgrimages, idol worship etc. <br />Works: Mokshapradipam, Anandasutram <br /><br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Chattambi Swamikal (1853 -1924)</span></span></u></span></span></span><br />
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Nair reformist</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Born in Kannammola, Trivandrum.</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Real name was Kunjan pillai.</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Literary works: Advaita Chintha paddhathi, Vedadikara Nirupanam, Pracheena Malayalam, Vedaantha Saaram etc</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Sanyasi disciples: Narayana Guru , Neelakanta Therthapada, Theerthapada Parmahamsa</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Quotation: The whole universe is one mind. Between mind and mind there is no vacuum</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Swamikal died at Panmana, Kollam. Chattambi swami memorial is also at Panmana.</span></span></li>
</ul>
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Sri Narayana Guru(1856-1928)</span></span></u></span></span></span><br />
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Father of Kerala Renaissance</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Born in Chempazhanthy in an Ezhava family (Vayalvarathu Veedu).</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The parents of Sree Narayana Guru were Madanasan and Kuttiyamma.</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">He met Chattampi Swamikal at Aniyur temple near Chempazhanthy.</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Erected a temple to Shiva at Aruvippuram in 1888. Last temple consecrated by Guru is at kalavancode, Alappuzha. </span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">S.N.D.P Yogam was founded in 1903 and Guru became the life time President and Kumaranasan as Secretary.</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The Vavoottuyogam started at Aruvippuram is considered as the predecessor of S.N.D.P. Yogam</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">‘Atmopadesh Satakam’’, ‘‘Nirvriti Panchakam’’, ‘‘ Darsanamala’’, ‘ Jatimeemamsa ,‘Ardhanareeswara Sthothram’ , "Daiva Dasakam","Gajendra moksham vanchippattu" etc are the major litrerary works of Guru</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Guru founded Sarada temple at Varkala in 1915 and founded the Advaitasrama at Aluva on the banks of Periyar.</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Tagore met Guru at his ashram in Sivagiri in November 1922. Kumaranasan was the translator of their conversation.</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Gandhiji visited Guru at Sivagiri in 1925.</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Consecrated a mirror,with the message “Om shanti”, in a temple in Kalavankode.</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">His famous saying was “One Caste, one Religion, one God for man” (gave at advaitasrama).</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Anandatheertha swamikal was the last sanyasi disciple of swamikal.</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Died in Sivagiri, Varkala.</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Only Keralite whose birthday and death anniversary are observed as holidays. </span></span></li>
</ul>
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /><u><span style="color: #0b5394;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Dr Palpu (1863 -1950)</span></span></span></u><br />"Political father" of Ezhavas.<br />Born in Petta , Trivandrum<br />Palpu was the third signatory to the Malayali Memorial in 1891.<br /><br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Ayyathan Gopalan (1863- 1949)</span></span></u></span><br />Gopalan was born in Thalassery. <br />He started the Kozhikode branch of Brahmosamaj in 1898. <br />He also founded Chandavarkar Elementary School in Kozhikode to encourage education among Dalits. <br />He was later honored with the title 'Rao Sahib'.</span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /><br />Barrister G. P. Pillai (1864–1903)</span></span></u></span></span></span></span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /><br />Govindan Paramaswaran Pillai, commonly known as Barrister G. P. Pillai, was born in Pallippuram, Thiruvananthapuram, India, in an aristocratic Nair family.</span></span></span></span><br />
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The first person from Thiruvananthapuram to pass the Barrister examination. <br />He played a major role in the formation of Malayali Memorial in 1891.<br />He established the first English language newspaper in South India, the Madras Standard. </span></span></span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">He wrote many articles against the oppressive rule of Travancore Diwan CP Ramaswami Iyer.</span></span><br /><u><span style="color: #0b5394;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Ayyankali (1866-1941)</span></span></span></u></span></span><br />
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Pulaya reformer.</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Born in Venganoor, Thiruvanantapuram</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Advocated for the right for Pulayas to walk along the public roads in Travancore</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">In 1907 he founded the Sadhu Jana Paripalana Yogam, which later became Pulaya Maha Sabha</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Gandhiji visited Ayyankali in1934 and called him "Pulaya raja".</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">He was nominated to Srimulam Prajasabha in 1910 and remained in office for 25 years. </span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">He was the first person from depressed classes to be nominated to Tranvancore legislative Assembly.</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Leader of first strike of Agriculture labourers in Travancore. </span></span></li>
</ul>
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">C Krishnan / Mithavadi Krishnan (1867-)</span></span></u></span><br /><br />Started a newspaper called Mithavaadi ("Reformist") which got name as the "Bible" of the socially depressed.<br /><br />Active leader of SNDP.</span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">He was the main organiser of the Thali Road Strike against various social prejudices.</span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">After converting to Buddhism, he campaigned to convert the Ezhavas to
Buddhism. As part of it, he started Mahabodhi Buddha Mission in
Kozhikode. </span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">He conducted Maha Buddha Conference in 1925 at Kozhikode. A Buddha temple was also built by him.<br /><br />He was against the Indian National Congress and Mahatma Gandhi. He wanted the freedom of the oppressed classes to be attained before the nation achieved freedom.</span></span><br />
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /><u><span style="color: #0b5394;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Kumaran Ashan ( 1873 – 1924)</span></span></span></u><br />Got title as MAHAKAVI from madras university. Kumaranasan was the only poet in Malayalam who became mahakavi without writing a mahakavyam.<br />Disciple of Sri Narayana Guru.<br />Served as SNDP Secretary<br />Worked in Vivekodayam Newspaper.<br />Joseph Mundassery called him as "Viplavathinte Sukra nakshtaram".<br />Redemeer was the name of boat which caused death of ashan<br /><br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Vakkom Moulavi (1873 -1932)</span></span></u></span><br />Founder and Publisher of Swadeshabhimani, Muslim Scholar, Social leader and reformer.<br />Father of Muslim Renaissance<br />Publications:The Muslim 1906 ,Al-Islam(1918) and Deepika(1931). </span></span><br />
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Moorkkothu Kumaran (1874- 1941)</span></span></u></span></span></span>started publishing an educational journal named 'Vidyalayam' and was also the first editor of 'Deepam' magazine<br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Poykayil Yohannan /Poyakayil Appachan/ Kumara Guru (1878 -1939)</span></span></u></span><br />Born in Eraviperoor, Pathanamthitta.<br />Famous Dalit activist, poet and founder of Pratyaksha Raksha Daiva Sabha(PRDS): founded in1909)<br /><br /><br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Mannathu Padmanabhan (1878 - 1970)</span></span></u></span><br />Founded Nair Service Society 1n 1914<br />Born in Perunna, Changanacherry.<br />First president of Travancore Devaswam Board.<br />Involved in Vaikom Satyagraha, Guruvayoor Satyagraha, Indian National Congress and Vimochana Samaram<br />He was honored with the title Bharata Kesari by the President of India<br />Mannam Memorial is located in changanacherry.<br />Sardar KM Panikker praised him as "Madan Mohan Malaviya of Kerala."</span></span><br />
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Autobiography :<i> Ente Jeevitha smaranakal</i><br /><br /><br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Swami Vagbhatananda (1885-1939)</span></span></u></span><br />Founder of the Atmavidya Sangham, a group of professionals and intellectuals who sought change.<br />Born in Thiyya community.</span></span><br />
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Sivayoga Vilasam is the famous magazine started by vagbhatananda.</span></span><br />
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">"<i>"Awake
remember the creator Arise and fight against injustice</i>"" -- was the message printed in front page of the magazine<br /><br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Pandit Karuppan (1885- 1938)</span></span></u></span><br />Known as Lincoln of Kerala.<br />Born in Cheranallor, ernakulam in Dheevara community.<br />His famous work Jaathi kummy,</span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">'Balakalesham' and 'Udyanavirunnu' were against untouchability..<br />Kerala Varma Valiya Koi Thamburan conferred the title of "Vidwan" in 1913.<br />Kochin Maharaja gave title as "Kavithilakan".</span></span><br />
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Founder of Araya Samajam.<br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><br /><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">T. K. Madhavan (1885—1930)</span></span></u></span><br /> </span></span><br />
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Social reformer, journalist and active member of Sree Narayana Dharma Paripalana (SNDP)<br />Involved in Vaikkom Sathyagraha.<br />He met Gandhi at Tirunelveli, and persuaded him to support vaikkom sathyagraha.<br />A monument was raised in his honor at Chettikulangara.</span></span><br />
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span></span><br />
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br />K P Keshava Menon (1886-1978)</span></span></u></span><br />He was born in Tharoor village of Palakkad as the grandson of the Maharajah of Palghat and as the son of Bhiman Achan.<br />He was a member of the Home Rule League under Annie Besant.<br />He was the founder of Mathrubhumi, a popular daily newspaper which earned the second place in circulation in Kerala.<br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br />K Kelappan (1889-1971)</span></span></u></span><br />K. Kelappan was a founding member and president of Nair Service Society.<br />He is also known as Kerala Gandhi.<br />After independence he left the Congress Party and joined the Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party and was elected to Parliament from the <br /><br />Ponnani Lok Sabha seat in 1952.<br />He worked for unification of Kerala into a new linguistic state.<br /><br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">VT Bhattatiripad (1896 -1982)</span></span></u></span><br />Key figure in removing castism and conservatism from the Namboothiri community.</span></span><br />
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Famous Work: Adukkalayilninnum arangathekku <br />Autobiography: kannerum Kinavum.<br /><br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">A K Gopalan (1904-1977)</span></span></u></span><br />Ayillyath Kuttiari Gopalan , popularly known as A. K. Gopalan or AKG, was an Indian communist leader and first leader of opposition in India.<br />His autobiography In the Cause of the People has been translated into many languages. His other works include For Land, Around the World, Work in Parliament, and Collected Speeches, all in Malayalam.<br /><br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">P Krishnapillai (1906 - 1948)</span></span></u></span><br />Kerala's First Communist, Founder of the Communist movement in Kerala.<br />In 1931 he became the first non Namputhiri Brahmin (he was from Nair Community of Kerala) to ring the temple bell of the Guruvayoor temple.</span></span><br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Kuriakose Elias Chavara(1805 - 1871)</span></span></u></span></span></span><br />
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Born in kainakari, Kuttanad</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Beatified 8 February 1986, Kottayam by Pope John Paul II</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Canonized :23 November 2014, Rome by Pope Francis</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Major shrine :St. Joseph's Syro-Malabar Dayra Church, Mannanam, Kottayam</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">He played a major role in educating the people of the lower ranks of society. </span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Founder of Nasrani Deepika 1846 from St Joseph Press, the first Malayali press.</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">In 1864, while he was serving as the Vicar General of Syrian Catholics, he ordered to start a school along with every church (palli) which was successful in making free education available for everyone. Thus schools in Kerala came to be known as pallikudam.</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">He founded an Indian religious congregation for men, now known as the Carmelites of Mary Immaculate. (CMI)</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">He founded, the Congregation of the Mother of Carmel, the first religious congregation for women in 1866 (CMC)</span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: yellow;"><span style="color: black;"> <br /><br /><br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Mampuram Thangal (1752-1845)</span></span></u></span><br /> Yemeni Islamic scholar who settled at Mambaram<br />Inspiration behind major mophla outrages like Eranad riot (1836 , 1837), Paruthan Riot<br /><br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Sahodaran Ayyappan (1889-1968)</span></span></u></span> <br /><br />Followers of Sree Narayana Guru.<br />Brain behind Yukthivadi journal.<br />Founded Sahodara Sangham for Ezhavas and Vidhya Poshini.<br />Renaissance leader who became minister in travancore -cochin.<br />Started the concept of Misra bhojanam.</span></span></span></span><br /><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: yellow;"><span style="color: black;"><span class="st"><i>No Caste</i>, <i>No Religion</i>, <i>No God</i> for Human-<wbr></wbr>beings is his famous quote.</span><br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Pampady John Joseph(1887-1940)</span></span></u></span><br />Founder of the socio-religious movement Cheramar Mahajana sabha for Dalits.: 1921</span></span></span></span><br /><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: yellow;"><span style="color: black;">Joseph said Pulayars were the original inhabitants of Kerala and hence he re changed the caste name to Cheramar - which means the people of Kerala.</span></span></span></span><br /><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: yellow;"><span style="color: black;">Joseph initiated Sadhujan Dootan, a Magazine, in 1919, in which he wrote inspiring articles.</span></span></span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: yellow;"><span style="color: black;">In his </span></span></span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: yellow;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: yellow;"><span style="color: black;">famous book </span></span></span></span>Cheruma Boy, Joseph questioned the Syrian Christian's discrimination against the untouchable Christians<br /><br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Makthi Thangal (1847-1912)</span></span></u></span><br />The first Malabar Muslim to write a book in Malayalam named Kadora Kodaram in year 1884.<br />Muslim reformer; supported western education.<br /><br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">C V Kunjuraman (1871- 1949)</span></span></u></span><br />Born in Kollam.<br />Kunjuraman was a journalist, reformer, advocate and writer. <br />He was an organiser of Samudaya Parishkara Sabha which took place at Paravoor in 1904.<br /> He also conducted Matha Parivarthana Prakshobham in 1936.<br />He was also the founder of Kerala Kaumudi, one of the major newspapers in Kerala. Ragaparinamam, Ente Sreekovil, Panchavadi and India Charitra Sangraham are his major books.<br /><br /><u><span style="color: #0b5394;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">Velukkutty Arayan (1894-1969)</span></span></span></u><br />Founder of Araya mahajana karayogam.<br />Participated in Vaikkom Sathyagraham<br /><br /><br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Kuroor Neelakandan Nambhoothirippad (1896- 1981) </span></span></u></span><br />He was a reformer and journalist. <br />He founded the newpaper Lokamanyan in 1920.<br />He was one of the founding directors of Mathrubhumi newspaper.<br />He took part in Vaikom Satyagraha. <br />He opened the Pavakkulam temple, which used to be managed by his family, to the untouchables during the temple entry movement.<br /><br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">T R Krishna swami Iyer (1890 -1935)</span></span></u></span><br />Known as untouchable Brahmin.<br /><br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Swami Ananda Theerthan (1905 - 1987)</span></span></u></span><br />His real name was Ananda Shenoy. <br />He was close to Sree Narayana Guru and worked against casteism. <br />He assumed his new name at Sarada temple at Sivagiri in 1928. <br />He established Sree Narayana School in Payyannur in 1931. <br />He promoted intercast-marriage through the Jathinashini Sabha, founded in 1933</span><br /><br /> <span style="background-color: #38761d;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">How was the post?? Was it Informative? Wanna add anything? feel free to comment.!! :)</span></span></span></span></span></li>
</ul>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><i>I am grateful to all readers who pointed out small bugs in this article and made it more refined. :)</i></span><br />
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v!p!nhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01741983601480799957noreply@blogger.com83tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3733565957507572815.post-5138983186981912192015-05-09T20:44:00.000+05:302015-08-12T00:05:28.324+05:30RENAISSANCE IN KERALA : Social welfare schemes and Measures.<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<i><span style="font-size: large;">H</span></i><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">ello Reader,</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">In t<span style="color: black;">his post we discus</span>s about various social welfare schemes and measures launched by Government of India.</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjo2ff010noOugi2rC5z4etj2v7NYfPyY-UwAJrzpVJgOai1uQz8IfJCw5UiPFAosXm_qrJfguLYOQdVKctA0hpAytLTp8f5V4wKeojmyeh5oAsd0FGbXkja5FhCP1idoKAltwPmKXWBy4/s1600/index.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjo2ff010noOugi2rC5z4etj2v7NYfPyY-UwAJrzpVJgOai1uQz8IfJCw5UiPFAosXm_qrJfguLYOQdVKctA0hpAytLTp8f5V4wKeojmyeh5oAsd0FGbXkja5FhCP1idoKAltwPmKXWBy4/s1600/index.jpg" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">TOPICS</span><br />
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<ol style="text-align: left;">
<li><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif="">Integrated Child development Scheme ICDS (1975)</span></span></li>
<li><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif="">Rural-Landless Employment Guarantee Programme (RLEGP) -1983</span></span></span></li>
<li><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><span style="font-size: small;">Jawahar rozgar yojana (1989) </span></span></span></li>
<li><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><span style="font-size: small;"><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif="">National Rural Development Programme (NRDP) 1992</span></span></span></span></li>
<li><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><span style="font-size: small;"><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif="">Mahila Samridhi Yojana(1993)</span></span></span></span></span></li>
<li><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><span style="font-size: small;"><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif="">Prime Minister Rozgar Yojana PMRY - 1993</span></span></span></span></span></span></li>
<li><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><span style="font-size: small;"><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif="">Indira Awas Yojana IAY (1996)</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></li>
<li><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><span style="font-size: small;"><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif="">Balika Samriddhi Yojana (1997)</span></span></span></span></span></span> </span></span></li>
<li><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif="">Kudumbashree (1998)</span></span></li>
<li><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif="">Antyodaya Anna Yojana(2000)</span></span></span></li>
<li><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif="">Sampoorna Grameen Rozgar Yojana(2001)</span></span></span></span></li>
<li><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif="">valmiki ambedkar awas yojana (2001)</span></span></span></span></span></li>
<li><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif="">National food for work Programme( 2004)</span></span></span></span></span></span></li>
<li><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif="">Bharat Nirmaan (2005)</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></li>
<li><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif="">National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (2005)</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></li>
<li><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif="">Pradhan Mantri Adarsh Gram Yojana: PMAGY (2009)</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></li>
</ol>
<span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><br /></span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u>Integrated Child development Scheme ICDS (1975)</u></span></span></span></span><br />
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif="">To provide food, preschool education, and primary healthcare to children under 6 years of age and their mothers through anganavadi centers.</span></li>
<li><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif="">For nutritional purposes ICDS provides 300 kcal (with 8-10 grams of protein) every day to every child below 6 years of age.For adolescent girls it is up to 500 kcal with up to 25 grams of protein everyday.</span></li>
</ul>
<span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><br /><br /><u><span style="color: #0b5394;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Rural-Landless Employment Guarantee Programme (RLEGP) -1983</span></span></span></u><br /><br /> To guarantee employment to at least one member of every landless household up to 100 days in a year ;<br /> creating durable assets for strengthening the infrastructure so as to meet the growing requirements of the rural economy.<br /><br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Jawahar rozgar yojana (1989)</span></span></u></span></span><br />
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif="">To provide 90-100 days employment.</span></li>
<li><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif="">implemented at end of Seventh Fifth year plan</span></li>
<li><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif="">Central state contribution was in 80:20 ratio.</span></li>
<li><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif="">Combination of NREP (National Rural Employment Program) and RLEGP (Rural Landless Employment Guarantee Program).</span></li>
</ul>
<span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">National Rural Development Programme (NRDP) 1992</span></span></u></span><br /></span><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><strong>NRDP</strong> is managed by a team of professionals from NGO
background striving to achieve excellence in NGO service
delivery.<br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br />Mahila Samridhi Yojana(2 october 1993)</span></span></u></span></span><br />
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif="">With the objective of providing economic security to the rural women.</span></li>
<li><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif="">the rural women of 18 years of above age can open their saving account in the rural post office of their own area with a minimum Rs. 4 or its multiplier.</span></li>
<li><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""> On the amount not withdrawn for 1 year, 25% of the deposited amount is given to the depositor by the government in the form of encouragement amount(max 300 Rs.)</span></li>
<li><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif="">Stopped in 1997.</span></li>
</ul>
<span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Prime Minister's Rozgar Yojana PMRY - 1993</span></span></u></span></span><br />
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif="">self-Employment to learned jobless Youth in the country by starting seven lakhs micro ventures.</span></li>
<li><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif="">Age: Between eighteen to forty years , Permanent occupant of the region for minimum of three 3 years Document such as Ration Card.</span></li>
</ul>
<span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><br /><u><span style="color: #0b5394;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Indira Awas Yojana IAY (1996)</span></span></span></u><br /><br />A social welfare programme to provide housing for the rural poor.<br />Under the scheme, financial assistance worth Rs.70,000/- in plain areas and Rs.75,000/ in difficult areas.<br />The houses are allotted in the name of the woman or jointly between husband and wife.<br />cost shares between the Central Government and the State Government in the 75%:25% ratio<br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br />Balika Samriddhi Yojana (1997)</span></span></u></span></span><br />
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""> To change negative family and community attitudes towards the girl child at birth and towards her mother.</span></li>
<li><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""> To improve enrolment and retention of girl children in schools.</span></li>
<li><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""> To raise the age at marriage of girls.</span></li>
<li><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""> To assist the girl to undertake income generating activities</span></li>
</ul>
<span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif="">100% central sponsered<br /> Girls born after 15th August 1997 to families living below the Poverty Line are eligible for this scheme.<br /> A maximum of two daughters in a family can benefit from this scheme.<br /> The scheme will pay annual scholarships into the girl’s account, starting at INR 300 (when the girl is in Class 1) to INR 1000( when the girl in Class 10).<br /> The girl will receive the money on attaining 18 years of age, provided she is not married.<br /><br /> I-III Rs.300/- per annum for each class<br /> IV Rs.500/- per annum<br /> V Rs.600/- per annum<br /> VI-VII Rs.700/- per annum for each class<br /> VIII Rs.800/- per annum<br /> IX-X Rs.1,000/- per annum for each class<br /><br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br />Samagra Awas Yojana SAY 1998</span></span></u></span><br /> Easy access to sanitation, drinking water and waste disposal<br /><br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br />Kudumbashree (1998)</span></span></u></span></span><br />
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif="">Female oriented poverty reduction scheme</span></li>
<li><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif="">Launched at Kottakkunnu in malappuram by Prime minister A B Vajpayee.</span></li>
<li><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif="">The largest women movement in Asia with a membership of 41 lakhs representing equal number of families.</span></li>
</ul>
<span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Antyodaya Anna Yojana(2000)</span></span></u></span></span><br />
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif="">It was launched by NDA government in 25 December 2000. </span></li>
<li><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif="">It is on the look out for the 'poorest of the poor' by providing them 35 kilograms of rice and wheat at Rs.3 & Rs.2 per kg. respectively.</span></li>
<li><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif="">1.5 crore families are benefited</span></li>
</ul>
<span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><br /><u><span style="color: #0b5394;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Sampoorna Grameen Rozgar Yojana(2001)</span></span></span></u><br />Aims to provide employment and food to people in rural areas who lived below the poverty line.<br />Combination of Employment Assurance Scheme (EAS) and Jawahar Samridhi Yojana (JGSY). <br /><br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">valmiki ambedkar awas yojana (2001)</span></span></u></span><br /> facilitating the construction and up-gradation of dwelling units for urban slum dwellers living below the poverty line without adequate shelter. <br /><br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">National food for work Programme(14 November 2004)</span></span></u></span><br /><br /> The programme is open to all rural poor who are prepared to do manual, unskilled labour. It is implemented as a centrally-sponsored scheme. Food grains are provided to the States[clarification needed] free of cost.The transportation cost, handling charges, and taxes on foodgrains will, however, be the responsibility of the States.<br />Now that the NREGA is in force, the NFFWP will be subsumed within this programme<br /><br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br />Bharat Nirmaan (2005)</span></span></u></span><br />For creating basic rural infrastructure.<br />It comprises projects on irrigation, roads (Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana), housing (Indira Awaas Yojana), water supply (National Rural Drinking Water Programme), electrification (Rajiv Gandhi Grameen Vidyutikaran Yojana) and telecommunication connectivity.<br /><u><span style="color: #0b5394;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br />National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (2005)</span></span></span></u></span><br />
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif="">Later renamed as the "Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act" (or, MGNREGA)</span></li>
<li><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif="">Aims to provide at least 100 days of wage employment in a financial year to every household </span></li>
<li><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif="">whose adult members volunteer to do unskilled manual work.</span></li>
<li><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif="">If work is not provided within 15 days of applying, applicants are entitled to an unemployment allowance.</span></li>
<li><span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif="">In its World Development Report 2014, the World Bank termed it a "stellar example of rural development".</span></li>
</ul>
<span arial="" color:="" font-family:="" helvetica="" sans-serif=""><br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Pradhan Mantri Adarsh Gram Yojana: PMAGY (2009)</span></span></u></span><br /> for the development of villages having a higher ratio of scheduled castes.<br /> launched by Union Social Justice and Empowerment Minister Mukul Wasnik <br /><br /><br /><span style="color: #134f5c;"><i><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Hope this post was useful.. Feel free to leave your feedback..!! :)</span></span></i></span><br /><br /><br /></span></div>
v!p!nhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01741983601480799957noreply@blogger.com31tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3733565957507572815.post-68207949855259044282015-03-25T12:44:00.002+05:302015-12-10T15:43:11.291+05:30RENAISSANCE IN KERALA : Role of Press in Renaissance : KERALA PSC NOTES<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEie35Fz7yyh3XbOPAH46T_qoF0W0hapZFxU5WuYkscXbXML9jKJwmOE4XnEQP7AOwGww2WrDpJ4Is8YrbVGDCw0MPT8Av5_cNwe8kC3T_GYhZM_yh9tEgxGzQYgoqq9WIOIVrmu1IMeAWw/s1600/Malayalam_print_and_spectacles.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="265" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEie35Fz7yyh3XbOPAH46T_qoF0W0hapZFxU5WuYkscXbXML9jKJwmOE4XnEQP7AOwGww2WrDpJ4Is8YrbVGDCw0MPT8Av5_cNwe8kC3T_GYhZM_yh9tEgxGzQYgoqq9WIOIVrmu1IMeAWw/s1600/Malayalam_print_and_spectacles.jpg" width="400" /></a></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Hello reader,</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">In this post we will go through the role of press in renaissance of Kerala. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><br /></span>
</span></span></span></span></span><br />
<ol style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Rajyasamacharam :1847</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Malayala Manorama :1888 </span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Bhashaposhini :1892</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Vivekodayam:1904</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Swadeshabhimani: 1905 </span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Kerala koumudi : 1911 </span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Mithavadi: 19<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">13</span></span></span></span></span></span> </span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Mathrubhumi : 1922 </span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">GajaKesary :1927 </span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Al- Ameen :1929 </span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Yukthivadi:1929 </span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Sathyavadi :1934 </span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Chandrika :1934</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Pradeepam </span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Prabhatam</span></span></li>
</span></span></span></ol>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><u>Rajyasamacharam: 1847</u></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><br /></span></span></span></span></span>
<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">‘Rajyasamacharam’ served as the beginning of journalism in Kerala.</span></span></span></span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">It was published from Illikkunnu, Thalassery and started by missionaries of Basel Mission.</span></span></span></span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">‘Paschimodayam" was a malayalam magazine started by the Basel Mission to familiarize the malayalees with the history and geography of the Europe and progress and development achieved in Europe in the fields of administration and science.</span></span></span></span></span></li>
</ul>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />Malayala Manorama :1888</span></span></u></span><br />It holds a position as the fifth most circulating newspaper in the world.<br />It is the fourth largest circulating newspapers in India.<br />Largest circulating newspaper in Kerala.<br /><br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">Bhashaposhini :1892</span></span></u></span><br />It is one of the oldest Malayalam literary review magazines.<br />The founder editor was Kandathil Varugheese Mappillai.<br /><br /><u><span style="color: #0b5394;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Vivekodayam:1904</span></span></span></u><br />Malayalam literary journal established to serve as a voice of the Ezhavas and SNDP.<br />Popularly referred to as the Ezhava Gazette<br />It was founded by Kumaran Asan under the inspiration of Swami Vivekananda.<br />Asan's criticized three contemporary Mahakavyam's Chitrayogam by Vallathol, Umakeralam by Ulloor and Rugmangadacharitam by Pandalam Kerala Varma for blindly following Sanskrit norms, through Vivekodayam.<br /><br /><br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Swadeshabhimani: 1905</span></span></u></span><br />A newspaper published in Travancore, which was banned and confiscated by the Government of Travancore in 1910 due to its criticisms against the Diwan of Travancore, P.Rajagopalachari.<br />Founder : Vakkom Moualvi<br />Editors: C P Govinda Pillai, after him Swadeshabhimani Ramakrishna Pillai.</span></span></span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><br /><br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Kerala koumudi : 1911</span></span></u></span><br />Founded by C. V. Kunhiraman</span></span></span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><br /></span></span></span></span></span><br /><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Mithavadi: 19<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">13</span></span></span></u></span><br />Founder: </span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">C Krishnan <br />Mithavadi </span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">was the "Bible" of the socially depressed</span>. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Published for the first time, the famous poem by the Sri Kumaranasan, the ‘<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">V</span>eenapoovu’<br /></span></span></span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"> <span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">C K<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">rishnan </span></span>organise<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">d<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> "</span></span>Thali Road Strike"<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span> <span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><br />He was also the founder of Calicut Bank in
1909</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">H</span>e </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">started Mahabodhi
Buddha Mission and </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>campaigned to
convert the Ezhavas to Buddhism. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Mathrubhumi : 1923</span></span></u></span><br />founded by K. P. Kesava Menon<br /><br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Gajakesari :1927</span></span></u></span><br /> ‘Gajakesari’ was a magazine published by Swami Guruprasad, disciple of Sree Narayana Guru, with the financial assistance of Burman Malayalees. Moorkoth Kumaran was the editor of this magazine.<br /><br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Al- Ameen :1929</span></span></u></span><br />Founded by Muhammad Abdur Rahiman.<br />The paper aimed to strengthen the freedom movement and nurture nationalism among the Muslims of Malabar.<br /> The paper was finally close down in 1939 by the British authorities.<br /><br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">Yukthivadi:1929</span></span></u></span><br />The first rationalist/atheist journal published.<br />Editorial board of M. Ramavarma Thampan, C. Krishnan, C. V. Kunhiraman, Sahodaran Ayyappan and M.C. Joseph(main) <br /><br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Sathyavadi :1934</span></span></u></span><br />Moorkoth Kumaran was the editor of the ‘satyavadi’ magazine, under the ownership of Sri M. Mandan. As a local news paper, it covered news items and editorials related to the happenings in Kannur District.<br /><br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Chandrika :1934</span></span></u></span><br />Started by K.M. Seethi Sahib<br /><br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Pradeepam</span></span></u></span>: first evening newspaper in Malayalam; founded by Theruvath Raman;<br /><br /><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-size: large;">Prabhatam</span></u></span></span>: brought out by EMS Namboothirippad.<br /><br /><br /><span style="color: #38761d;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><i>Feel free to leave your comments or corrections.<br />Thanks for your visit.!! :)</i></span></span></span><br />
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v!p!nhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01741983601480799957noreply@blogger.com34tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3733565957507572815.post-26313464468255145062015-03-23T00:07:00.001+05:302016-04-19T10:21:41.194+05:30RENAISSANCE IN KERALA :Literary Figures : KERALA PSC NOTES<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">Hello,</span><br />
<br />
<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">In this article we will discuss about some great Literary Figures from Kerala who contributed to the </span><span style="color: black;"> renaissance in Kerala</span>. <br /><br />The area about which Kerala PSC frequently ask questions are tried to include here.The list is incomplete. I will keep on update. You can also contribute valuable information. </span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><br /></span></span></span>
<u><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">TOPICS COVERED</span></u><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span>
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<ol style="text-align: left;">
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Cherusseri Namboothiri(1375 - 1475 )</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Thunchaththu Ezhuthachan(1495-?)</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Kunchan nambiyar (1705-1770)</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">KeralaVarma Valiya Koil Thampuran (1845 -1914)</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">O Chandu Menon (1847–99)</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Kodungalloor Kunjikuttan Thampuran (1868 -1914)</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Mooloor S. Padmanābha Panicker (1869 -1931)</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Kumaran Ashan ( 1873 – 1924)</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Vallathol Narayana Menon (1878 – 1958)</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Pandalam Kerala Varma(1879-1919)</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Kandathil Varghese mappilai (1857 -1904)</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">G Sankara Kurup (1901 -1976)</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">P Keshav Dev (1904-1983)</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Vaikkom Muhammad Basheer (1908 – 1994)</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Ponkunnam Varkey (1910-2004)</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Changampuzha (1911-1948)</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Thakazhi Shiva Sankara Pillai(1912-1999)</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">S K Pottekkatt (1913 -1982)</span></li>
</ol>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><u>Cherusseri Namboothiri(1375 - 1475 )</u></span></span></span><br />Author of the famous poem Krishna Gatha, which is used for daily recitation as an act of worship of Krishna during the Malayalam month Chingam.<br /><br /><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><u><span style="color: #0b5394;">Thunchaththu Ezhuthachan(1495-?)</span></u></span></span><br />Known as the father of Malayalam language.<br />He translated the two Hindu epics, the Ramayana and Mahabharata, to Malayalam for the common man with the mingling of the Sanskrit and Dravidian languages<br />Ezhuthachan's other major contribution has been in establishing an (51 character) alphabet system equivalent to Sanskrit instead of Vattezhuthu, the 30-letter script of Malayalam<br />The highest literary honour instituted by the Kerala Government is known as the "Ezhuthachan Award"<br />Theekkadal Kadannu Thirumadhuram (2004) by C. Radhakrishnan: a novel written by C. Radhakrishnan that sketched Ezhuthachan’s life and journeyed through the emotions he must have gone through.<br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br />Kunchan Nambiyar (1705-1770)</span></span></u></span><br />Famous Malayalam poet, performer, satirist and the inventor of Ottamtullal<br /><br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">KeralaVarma Valiya Koil Thampuran (1845 -1914)</span></span></u></span><br />Known as KERALA KALIDASAN as he translated Kalidasa's Sakunthalam to Malayalam as Abhijnana Sakunthalam. <br />Another work “Mayoora Sandesham” was on the line of Kalidasa's MeghaDooth in which he has used the peacocks of Haripad temple to send his messages to his wife, the Maharani, in Trivandrum.<br />Visakha vijaya was another famous work.<br />He absorbed selected Western influences and combined with native Sanskritic elements in poetry, drama and prose!<br />He was a member of Royal Parappanad Family.<br /><u><span style="color: #0b5394;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br />O Chandu Menon (1847–99)</span></span></span></u><br />Recipient of prestigious Rao bahadur Award,<br />Wrote first Malayalam Novel with all Lakshnas, titled Indu Lekha, (First Malayalam Novel was Kundalatha written by Appu Nedumgadi)<br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br />Kodungalloor Kunjikuttan Thampuran (1868 -1914)</span></span></u></span><br />Known as KERALA VYASA for his single-handed, word-by-word, metre-by-metre translation of entire Mahabharata within 874 days as Bhasha Bharatam.<br />Kunjikkuttan Thampuran started two literary movements in Malayalam: Paccha Malayalam (Pure Malayalam) and Puranetihasa Vivartanam . Pacha Malayalam avoided over influence of Sanskrit while Puranetihasa Vivarthanam was Translation of Itihasas and Puranas to Malayalam.<br />Notable works: “Pachamalayalam ,Puranithihasa vivarthanam, KaviBharatam, Ambopadesham.<br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><u><br />Mooloor S. Padmanabha Panicker (1869 -1931)</u></span></span></span><br />He is known as “Sarasa Kavi”<br />Notable work: Kavi-Ramayanam, deemed to be the motivational force behind the 1936 Temple Entry Proclamation.<br />Built Mezhuveli Anandabhootheshawara Temple<br /><br /><br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Kumaran Ashan ( 1873 – 1924)</span></span></u></span><br />Got title as MAHAKAVI from madras university. Kumaranasan was the only poet in Malayalam who became mahakavi without writing a mahakavyam.<br />Disciple of Sri Narayana Guru.<br />Became SNDP Secretary in 19<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">0</span>3<br />Worked in Vivekodayam Newspaper<br /><br /><br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><u>Ulloor S Parameswara Iyyar (1877-1949)</u></span></span></span><br />One of the Triumvirate poets , along with Ashan and Vallathol<br />Works: Pingala, Karnabhooshanam, Bhakthideepika.<br /><br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />Vallathol Narayana Menon (1878 – 1958)</span></span></u></span><br />Became GREAT POET after the work maha kavya Chitra Yogam<br />Famous work : Ente Guru Nathan<br />Ulloor published his mahakavya Umakeralam , the second maha kavyam in Malayalam.<br /><br /><br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Pandalam Kerala Varma(1879-1919)</span></span></u></span><br />The author of the first complete mahakavya in Malayalam titled Rukmamgadacharitham<br />He was the owner and Chief Editor of Kavana Kaumudi, the first Malayalam periodical, which was also the first to introduce special issues in Malayalam.<br /><br /><br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Kandathil Varghese mappilai (1857 -1904)</span></span></u></span><br />He is the founder of Bhashaposhini Sabha, ‘ Bhashaposhini’ magazine and Malayala Manorama. <br />‘Abrayakutty’, an independent drama, Malayalam translation of William Shaekspeare’s drama ‘Taming of the Shrew, ‘Keerthanamala were some of the contributions by him for Malayalam Literature.<br /><br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />G Sankara Kurup (1901 -1976)</span></span></u></span><br />The first winner of the Jnanpith Award, India's highest literary award, for his renowned work Odakuzhal in 1965.<br />With part of the prize money he established the literary award Odakkuzhal.<br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u>P Keshav Dev (1904-1983)</u></span></span></span><br />Central Academy award winner for “Ayalkkar”.<br />Autobiography: Ethirppu<br />Notable works: Odayil Ninnu, Nadhi, Bhrandalayam.<br />One of the exponents of progressive Malayalam Literature along with Basheer and Thakazhi.<br /><br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Vaikkom Muhammad Basheer (1908 – 1994)</span></span></u></span><br />Recipient of Padma award.<br />Calicut university honoured him with title of “Doctor of letters”.<br /><br /><u><span style="color: #0b5394;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span id="pv" style="font-size: large;">Ponkunnam Varkey (1910-2004)</span></span></span></u><br />Bagged Vallathol Award and Ezhuthachan Award.<br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u>Changampuzha (1911-1948)</u></span></span></span><br />Renowned for his work titled Ramanan which was based on the life of Edappalli Raghavan pillai.<br /><br /><u><span style="color: #0b5394;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />Thakazhi Shiva Sankara Pillai(1912-1999)</span></span></span></u><br />Known as “Kerala Mopasang”<br />Recipient of Jnanapith Award for the epic Novel “Kayar”<br />Also bagged Kendriya Sahitya Academy award for the novel “Chemmeen”<br />Kainikkara Kumara Pillai was his Guru<br />His work “Thottiyude makan” is considered as first new Generation Novel.<br /> Thakazhi (film) is a documentary on Thakazhi made by M. T. Vasudevan Nair<br /><br /><br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><span style="color: #134f5c;"><u><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">S K Pottekkatt (1913 -1982)</span></span></u></span></span><br />Bagged jnanpitham award for this work “Oru deshathinte Katha”<br />Received Kerala Sahitya Academy award for “Oru Theruvinte Katha”which was written based on the story of Mittai Theruvu (S.M. Street) in Kozhikode.</span></div>
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v!p!nhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01741983601480799957noreply@blogger.com45tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3733565957507572815.post-21745366616961223822015-03-22T19:20:00.001+05:302015-08-02T20:48:12.218+05:30RENAISSANCE IN KERALA :Socio-Religious reform Movements : KERALA PSC NOTES<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">Hello,</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">In this article we will discuss about some socio-religious
movement which were emerged as</span> <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">part of renaissance in Kerala</span>. <span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Remember, this part is VERY important in any kerala PSC examination.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">TOPICS COVERED:</span><br />
</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br />
<ol style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Samathwa samajam:1836</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Sri Narayana Dharma Paripalana Yogam :1903</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Islam Dharma Paripalana Sangham:1906</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Sadhujana Paripalana Sangham: 1907</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Yoga kshema Movement: 1908 </span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Prathyaksha Raksha Daiva Sabha: 1909</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Vaala Samudaya Parishkarani Sabha : 1912</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Nair Service Socety: 1914</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Yukthivaadi Sangham :1935 </span></span></li>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">Here we go.!!</span><br />
<br /><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Samathwa samajam:1836</span></span></u></span><br /> Ayya Vaikundar (Vaikunda swamikal)
founded Samathwa samajam for reform of nadar community.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><br />He organized SAMA PANTHI BHOJANA in each and every place of worship in the
name of ANNA DHANAM.<br /><br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Sri Narayana Dharma Paripalana Yogam :1903</span></span></u></span><br />• 1903 May 15 :The S.N.D.P. Yogam came into
existence under the guidance of Sri Narayana Guru<br />• 1904:Its first annual session held at Aruvippuram ,Trivandrum<br />• The basic aim of was to popularize Guru’s messages and bring about the social regeneration of the Ezhavas and other backward
communities.<br />• Dr. Palpu and Kumaran Asan were active leaders.<br />• Some Newspapers also helped to spread Gurus’s
message of social reform.<br /> Eg: Sujananandini NewsPaper :1891 (Published by Paravoor Kesavanasan) Kerala Kaumudi
1911-(Started by KV Kunhiraman)</span>Yogadaanam is a well known publication from SNDP<br /><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Islam Dharma Paripalana Sangham:1906</span></span></u></span><br />Vakkom Abdul Khader Moulavi
established Islam Dharma Paripalana Sangham for the reform of Muslims.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><br /><u><span style="color: #0b5394;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">Sa<u>d</u>hujana Paripalana Sangham: 1907</span></span></span></u><br />Ayyankali’s Sathujana Paripalana Sangham was established for education for Dalits with the support of government of Travancore.<br /><br />Thomas Vaidyar was given the responsibility of organization
correspondence.<br /><br />SJPS published a monthly magazine, Sadhujana Paripalini, the first ever magazine to be brought out by the Dalit community. Kali Chodikkuruppan
was the founder editor. <br /><br />Later this sangham became Pulaya Mahasabha.<br /><br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Yoga kshema Movement: 1908</span></span></u></span><br />Slogan: “Make Namboothiri a human being”.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><br />Aim: the
marriage of all the junior Namboothiri males within the community itself, to popularise the study of English and to abolish the purdah
system from Namboothiri females<br /><br />Leaders: E.M.S. Namboothiripad and V.T.Bhattatiripad.<br />"Unni Namboothiri" was a famous publication from Yoga kshema Sabha.<br /><br /><br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Prathyaksha Raksha Daiva
Sabha:1909</span></span></u></span><br />Prathyaksha Raksha Daiva Sabha ("God's Church of Visible Salvation") was a Dalit religious protest movement founded at
Eraviperoor, Pathanamthitta by Poikayil Yohannan.<br /><br />The PRDS rejected both Christianity and Hinduism, and preached that God would send an incarnation to
liberate the Dalits.<br /><br />They spread message to leave superstitious beliefs, and to stop practicing black magic and sacrificing the animals<br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Vaala Samudaya Parishkarani Sabha :
1912</span></span></u></span><br />Fishermen community reform society.<br /><br />It was organized under Pandit K P Karuppan, the "Lincoln" of Kerala"<br /><br />Leaders: N Krishnan, VV Velukkuttty Arayan and rao Bahadur VV Govindan<br /><br />Initially it was a small group called kalyana dayini sabha<br /><br />Aim: abolish outdated customs, spread discipline, hygiene , education and freedom of movement.<br /><br /><u><span style="color: #0b5394;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Nair Service Socety: 1914</span></span></span></u><br />Founded by: Mannathu padmanabhan on
October 31, 1914<br />Inspiration: “Servants of Indian Society” by GK Gokhale<br />Areas: Reform Nair society, abolition of Talikettukalyanam, Tirandukuli, untouchability,
joint family system<br /><br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">Sahodara Sangham :1917</span></span></u></span><br />Founded by the noted Ezhava leader, K.Ayyappan(also known as Sahodaran Ayyappan) at Cherai, Kochi in
1917 <br /><br />Aim: eradication of the evils of caste and popularizing the idea of misra-bhojanam among the Ezhavas and other castes
considered inferior to them .</span><br />
<br />
</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><u><span style="color: #0b5394;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">Yukthivadi Sangham
:1935</span></span></span></u><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Yukthivadi Sangham was registered at Cochin M. C. Joseph as secretary and Panampilly Govinda Menon as treasurer. M C Joseph was the</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> sole editor-publisher of "Yukthivaadi" Magazine by Sahodara Sangham.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br /><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The existing Kerala Yukthivadi Sangham (KYS) was formed at Kozikode in
1969 May Adv. M. Prabha as president and P.S. Raman Kutty as Secretary<br /><br /> </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="background-color: #ffd966;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">I Hope this post was Useful.<br />Kindly leave your feedback.!!!</span></span><br />Or If you want to
add any relevant data feel free to comment here..!!</span><br />
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v!p!nhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01741983601480799957noreply@blogger.com59tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3733565957507572815.post-59545145289805056832015-03-22T01:21:00.003+05:302015-08-24T18:54:36.732+05:30RENAISSANCE IN KERALA :Struggles and Social Revolts : KERALA PSC NOTES<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="color: #3d85c6;"><span style="font-size: large;">RENAISSANCE IN KERALA
:Struggles and Social Revolts</span></span></span></div>
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<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Hello reader,</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">In this post we will discuss some of the struggles and social revolts happened as
part of renaissance in Kerala. </span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Short notes on following events are provided in this post:</span><br />
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</span></span></span><br />
<ol style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Kurichya Revolt : 1812</span></span></span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Shanar Agitation: 1859</span> </span></span></span></span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Pandara Pattam Proclamation:1865</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Malayali memorial : 1891</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Ezhava Memorial :1896</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Malabar Rebellion(Moplah Rebellion) :1921</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Wagon tragedy :1921</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Students' agitation: 1922 </span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Vaikom Satyagraham :1924</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Guruvayoor Stayagraham: 1931-1932</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Yachana Yathra :1931 </span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Nivarthana Agitation: 1932</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Electricity Agitation :1936</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">PattiniJatha :1936 </span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Kuttamkulam Struggle :1946 </span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Punnapra Vayalar Upheaval :1946</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Paliyam Satyagraham 1948</span></span></li>
</span></span></span></ol>
<br />
<span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Kurichya Revolt : 1812</span></span></u></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><br />Protest from Kurichiyas and Kurumbars of Wynad against
the British Government’s policy of collecting revenue from them in cash rather than in
kind.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"> <br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Shanar Agitation:
1859</span></span></u></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><br />The Shanars of South Travancore agitated for their women to get the same
rights to dress as women from upper sections of the Hindus.(<b><i>Breast cloth agitation</i></b>).<br />Col. Munro permitted Shanar women, who
converted to Christianity, to cover their bodies with Kuppayams.<br />Eventually the Royal Proclamation of July26, 1859, abolished all restrictions on covering of
the upper parts by Shanar women</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Pandara Pattam
Proclamation:1865</span></span></u></span><br /> </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">- Known as “the Magnacarta of the
Travancore ryots(farmers)”<br />- It conferred proprietary rights of Sirkar Pattam lands to the holders.<br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><br /><u><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Malayali memorial :
1891</span></span></u></span><br />• Aim: To protest against the Government’s policy to import outside persons, particularly Tamil Brahmins,
for important posts in the public services even when persons with similar qualifications were available inside the State.<br />• G.Parameswaran
Pillai (Barrister G.P.Pillai), R.Ranga Rao and N.Raman Pillai were the master brains of this movement. They were expelled from the
Maharaja’s College, Trivandrum, in 1882 under suspicion of raising word against Government’s job policy. <br />• A memorandum signed
by 10,028 persons from all castes was submitted to the Maharaja Sree Moolam Thirunal on January 1, 1891 requested to secure jobs for the educated
Keralaites in the Travancore civil service.</span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"> </span></span></span></span></span></span><br />
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">"Travancore for Travancoreans " slogan is related with Malayali memorial.</span></span></span></span></span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><i>Chenkotta Ramayyar </i>took initiative to file in favour of Brahmins and against Malayali memorial</span></span></span></span></span></span></li>
</ul>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><br /><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: large;"><u>Ezhava Memorial(1896)</u></span></span><br />-
The Ezhavas and other backward communities were denied the admission to Government schools
or public services<br />- Ezhava community under the leadership of Dr.Palpu submitted a memorial
to the Maharaja in 1896 to get same privileges for Ezhavas which were being enjoyed by Ezhavas who
converted to Christianity.<br />- Upon receiving negative response , they submitted second “Ezhava Memorial” to Lord
Curzon, the Viceroy of India, during his visit to Trivandrum in 1900. This memorial also faced failure. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u>Malabar Rebellion(Moplah Rebellion)
:1921</u></span></span></span><br />Malabar Rebellion was an armed uprising by Mappila Muslims in 1921 against British authority and Hindus in Malabar.</span><br />
</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Malabar agriculture system was in this hierarchy : (1)The Jenmi( Nambudiri
Brahmins and Nambiar chieftains) were in highest level with hereditary land grants by the Naduvazhis (2) Kanikkaran (Nairs) : for the security and supervision of the land and (3)
Verumpattakkaran (Mappilas) who cultivates land for one year lease called verum pattam.</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">The 1921 rebellion began as a reaction against a restriction by the British authorities on
the Khilafat Movement in the Eranad and Valluvanad taluks .</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">The police attempt to arrest Vadakkevittil Muhammed, the secretary of the Khilafat
Committee, rumor about attack on Mambaram mosque in Tirurangadi were some other reasons for riots.</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">The largely kudiyaan (tenant) Mappilas attacked , forcibly converted and killed
jenmi families.They also attacked and took control of police stations, British government offices, courts and government treasuries.</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">The most prominent leaders of the rebellion were Variankunnath Kunjahammad Haji,
Sithi Koya Thangal and Ali Musliyar</span></span></li>
</span></span></span></ul>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: large;"><u>Wagon tragedy :1921</u></span></span><br />The Wagon
tragedy was the death of 67 prisoners who had been taken into custody following Mappila Rebellion.</span><br />
</span></span></span><br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Almost 90 detained Muslim rebels were dispatched by train from Tanur to the Podanur
Central Prison. As Podanur jail was found to be full orders were given to take back the prisoners.</span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><br /> </span></span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"> During the return journey, 67 of the 90 rebels suffocated to death in the
closed iron wagon.</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Historian Sumit Sarkar referred to it as the "Black Hole of Podanur"</span></span></li>
</span></span></span></ul>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span>
<br />
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u>Students' agitation: 1922</u></span></span></span><br />Students
came forward to oppose a fee hike. The agitation was strongly supported by the 'Swarad' paper of A.K. Pillai<br /><br /><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><u><span style="color: #0b5394;">Vaikom Satyagraham :192<u>4</u></span></u></span></span><br />Aim: To get approach roads to the Vaikam temple opened for
Hindu avarnas.<br />Started on 1924 March 30.<br /><br />Leaders: T.K.Madhavan, K.P.KesavaMenon, Mannath Padmanabhan, Changanacherry Parameswaran Pillai,
C.V.Kunhiraman and K.Kelappan .<br /><br />Highlight: Savarna Jatha (by Mannath Padmanabhan) came to Trivandrum and submitted their
demand before the Regent Setu Lakshmi Bai.<br /><br />Gandhi visited Travancore and discussed with the Rani and also met Sri.Narayana Guru at
Varkala. <br /><br />After 20 month old struggle, the Satyagraha finally ended in success in 1925 and
approach roads to the temple were formally opened to all castes!!<br /><br /><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u>Civil disobedience
movement : 1930</u></span></span></span><br />Kerala also involved actively in nationwide Civil disobedience movement invoked by Gandhiji.<br /> </span></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span>
<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Salt Satyagraha started at Payyannur under the leadership of K. Kelappan on
April 21, 1930. Mohammad Abdur Rahiman, K. Madhavan Nair, P. Krishnapillai and R.V. Sharma led the Satyagraha at Kozhikode.</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Civil disobedience movement came to an end after Gandhi-Irwin pact was
signed on March 4, 1931</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">The resumption of civil disobedience movement in 1932, created a strong response in
Kerala. When the movement was withdrawn in 1934, a section of congress workers led by E.M. Sankaran Nambudiripad and P. Krishna Pillai joined the Congress Socialist
party.</span></span></li>
</span></ul>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><br /><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u>Guruvayoor Stayagraha: 1931-
1932</u></span></span></span><br />Aim: to get the Guruvayur temple, Ponnani taluk, Thrissur opened to all Hindus <br />Satyagrha Was
started under auspices of Kerala Provincial Congress .<br /><br />The leader of the Satyagraha was K.Kelappan who entered indefinite fast
<br /><br /> Captain of Volunteer Corps was A.K.Gopalan.<br /><br /> T.Subramanian Tirumumbu was the captain of the temple
entry campaign<br /><br />P.Krishna Pillai was brutally assaulted for ringing a bell in temple.<br /><br />Guruvayur Satyagraha
failed to achieve its immediate objective, but helped to create a climate against untouchability.</span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">Yachana Yathra :1931 </span></span></u></span><br /><br />Yachana Yathra was led by V.T. Bhattathirippadu in 1931 from Trichur to Chandragiri river which lasted for seven days.<br /><br />This begging march was for the education of poor children.</span></span></span></span></span><br /><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u>Nivarthana Agitation: 1932</u></span></span></span><br />Ezhavas, Christians and Muslims demanded for representation in the Legislature in proportion
to their numerical strength.<br /><br /> Travancore Diwan Sir C.P. Ramaswamy Iyer tried to suppress the agitation.<br /><br />Agitators formed <i>Samyukta
Rashtriya Samiti</i> and requested the voters to abstain from voting<br />( Abstention movement).<br /><br />Kerala Kesari was the mouth piece of Abstention movement.<br /><br />New electoral law giving reservation for minorities
was formally announced by the Government in August 1936.<br /><br />Leaders :N.V.Joseph, T.M.Varghese and C.Kesavan<br /><br /><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u>Electricity Agitation :1936</u></span></span></span><br /> Protest against the decision of Diwan Sir
R.K.Shanmukham Chetti to entrust the distribution of the electric power in the town to private company<br /><br />Leaders were
E.Ikkanda Warrier and Dr.A.R.Menon.</span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">PattiniJatha :1936</span></span></u></span><br /><br />PattiniJatha’ was led by A.K. Gopalan in July 1936 from Kannur to Chennai. There were 32 persons in the March.</span></span></span></span></span><br /><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: large;"><u>Temple Entry Proclamation : 1936</u></span></span><br />Sri Chitra Tirunal Balarama
Varma, the Maharaja of Travancore, issued Temple Entry Proclamation on November 12, 1936.<br /><br />Gandhiji hailed it as “a micracle of
modern times” and “a smriti which is the people’s charter of spiritual emancipation”<br /><br />The Temple Entry
Authorisation Proclamation V of (1947-48) issued by the Maharaja of Cochin opened the temples in that State to all
castes.<br /><br />The Madras Temple Entry Act of 1947 extended this reform to the Malabar area.<br /><br /><br /><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: large;"><u>Kuttamkulam Struggle :1946</u></span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><br />Kuttamkulam struggle „Vazzhinadakkal Samaram‟; was started as a
protest against untouchability in to the premise of the Kudalmanikyam temple.<br /><br />The caste organizations like S N D P, Samastha Cochin
Pulaya Mahasabha, the political parties like Prajamandalam, Labour Organizations, Beedi workers organizations<br />protested against this injustice. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><br />The people united under the leadership of P. K. Kumaran Master,
Saratha Kumaran, K .V. Unni and P.K.Chathan Master.<br /><br />Finally the untouchable’s classes got the right to walk along the
kuttamkulam road!</span></span></span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Punnapra Vayalar Upheaval :1946</span></span></u></span><br /><br />The September 1946 there occurred the Punnapra Vayalar Upheaval against the ‘American Model’ irremovable executive.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><br />The American Model was proposed by Sir C. P. Ramaswami Ayyar.</span></span></span></span></span><br /><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u>Paliyam Satyagraham (1948)</u></span></span></span><br />To get open the the road in front of the main residence of the
Paliat Achan, the erstwhile hereditary Chief Minister of Cochin for Avarnas.<br /><br />Even the princes of the royal families of Cochin and Kodungallur supported it.<br /><br />A.G.Velayudhan , a freedom fighter ,was killed in a police lathi-charge<br /><br />Meanwhile in April 1948 all temples in Cochin were thrown open to
all Hindus, irrespective of caste. As a result the Avarnas and non- Hindus got the right to walk along the paliyam road.<br /><br /><br /><br /><br />Still want to add more details?? Feel free to comment it here.!!<br />Knowledge has to be shared.!! :)</span></span></span></span></span></div>
v!p!nhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01741983601480799957noreply@blogger.com62tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3733565957507572815.post-27334270499452971372015-03-19T20:29:00.000+05:302015-03-20T01:32:53.329+05:30RENAISSANCE IN KERALA : SHORT NOTES<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;">Hello Reader,</span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;">In this post we will discuss some interesting events in the History of Kerala. Each event is written in short note so that it will be easy to prepare for various Kerala P.S.C Examinations.</span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Image courtesy : The Internet :)</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Ready.!!! Steady!! Go.!!!</span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><br /><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u>Synod (പുരോഹിതസഭ) of Diamper (Udayamperur) : 1599</u></span></b></span></span></span></span><br />
<br />
<div style="border-color: #00FF40; border-style: solid;">
<ul>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">The aim of this Synod was to bring the Christian community under the supremacy of the Roman church.</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"> <b><i>Alexis De Menezes</i></b>, the Archbishop of Goa, presided the synod. </span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"> The Synod scrutinized Syrian books and removed offending passages. They prohibited the use of many heretic books like “<i><b>The Infancy of our Savior</b></i> (The History of our Lady)”,” <i><b>Book of John Barialdan </b></i>“</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"> The Cochin Diocese (ബിഷപ്പിന്റെ അധികാരപ്രദേശം) followed the Latin rite(അനുഷ്ഠാനം) and the old Syrian Diocese of Ankamali clung to the Syriac rite .</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><b><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Revolt at the Coonan Cross : 1653</span></b></u></span></span></span><br />
<br />
<div style="border-color: #01A9DB; border-style: solid;">
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Syrians were unhappy on Portugal king’s decision to appoint European Latin Bishops to the Syrian diocese of Ankamali. </span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">In 1653 the Jacobite Patriarch of Babylon sent a Bishop named <i><b>Ahatalla</b></i>, to Kerala, in response to a request by the Syrians. The Portuguese detained him on his way at Mylapore .</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">The excited Syrians assembled in thousands in front of an ancient Cross in <b><i>Mattancherri</i></b>, tied a lengthy rope on it and holding on to it swore that they would never more obey the Latin Archbishop or the Jesuits. This is known in history as the “Oath of the Coonan Cross”. </span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">This revolt led to the emergence of two distinct sections among the Christians: <b><i>Pazhayakuru</i></b> , the Romo-Syrians who continued to owe allegiance to the Church of Rome, and the <b><i>Puthankuru</i></b>, the Jacobite Syrians who denounced the authority of the Pope. </span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">.</span></span><br />
<span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><b><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Sri Narayana Dharma Paripalana Yogam :1903</span></b></u></span><br />
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<li> <span style="color: #444444;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">1903 :The S.N.D.P. Yogam came into existence under the inspiration of Sri Narayana Guru</span></span></li>
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<li><span style="color: #444444;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> 1904:Its first annual session held at Aruvipuram </span></span></li>
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<li><span style="color: #444444;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> The basic aim of the Yogam was to popularise the message of Sri Narayana Guru and bring about the social regeneration of the Ezhavas and other backward communities. </span></span></li>
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<li><span style="color: #444444;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> Dr. Palpu and Kumaran Asan were active leaders in yogam. </span></span></li>
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<li><span style="color: #444444;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> Some Newspapers helped to spread Narayana gurus’s message of social reform. </span></span></li>
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<li><span style="color: #444444;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> Eg: Sujananandini NewsPaper :1891 (- Published by Paravoor Kesavanasan) Kerala Kaumudi 1911-(Started by KV Kunhiraman)</span></span></li>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u><b><br />Sahodar Sangham :1917</b></u></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><br /><span style="color: #444444;">Founded by the noted Ezhava leader, K.Ayyappan at Cherai in 1917 <br /> </span></span><br />
<span style="color: #444444;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><u><b> </b></u></span>Aim: eradication of the evils of caste and popularizing the idea of misra-bhojanam (inter-dining) among the Ezhavas and other castes considered inferior to them .</span></span><br />
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v!p!nhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01741983601480799957noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3733565957507572815.post-21609726751999315572015-03-15T21:30:00.003+05:302015-03-15T21:31:16.982+05:30HOW TO ENABLE WHATSAPP CALL<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="color: #444444;">Hello friend,</span><br />
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<span style="color: #444444;">In this post I want to share how to enable Whatsapp Calls.</span><br />
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<span style="color: #444444;"><span href="http://www.quora.com/Whats-a-cool-useful-skill-tip-that-only-takes-five-minutes-to-learn/answer/Raunak-Garg?__snids__=1014834690&__nsrc__=2#" id="__w2_sEwfV5e_toggle_link"><span id="ld_zkmciq_33513"><span id="ld_koscii_28111"><span class="inline_editor_value">Whatsapp is now providing seamless voice calls but it has been
limited by the company to a few latest versions of the application</span></span></span></span></span><br />
<span style="color: #444444;"><span href="http://www.quora.com/Whats-a-cool-useful-skill-tip-that-only-takes-five-minutes-to-learn/answer/Raunak-Garg?__snids__=1014834690&__nsrc__=2#" id="__w2_sEwfV5e_toggle_link"><span id="ld_zkmciq_33513"><span id="ld_koscii_28111"><span class="inline_editor_value"><span href="http://www.quora.com/Whats-a-cool-useful-skill-tip-that-only-takes-five-minutes-to-learn/answer/Raunak-Garg?__snids__=1014834690&__nsrc__=2#" id="__w2_sEwfV5e_toggle_link"><span id="ld_zkmciq_33513"><span id="ld_koscii_28111"><span class="inline_editor_value"> This feature is limited to Android devices only.(one minute silence for windows users!!)</span></span></span></span> </span></span></span></span></span><br />
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<span style="color: #444444;"><span href="http://www.quora.com/Whats-a-cool-useful-skill-tip-that-only-takes-five-minutes-to-learn/answer/Raunak-Garg?__snids__=1014834690&__nsrc__=2#" id="__w2_sEwfV5e_toggle_link"><span id="ld_zkmciq_33513"><span id="ld_koscii_28111"><span class="inline_editor_value">Update your whatsapp to the most latest . i.e.
2.11.528/531 from the Web to your device</span></span></span></span></span><br />
<span style="color: #444444;"><span href="http://www.quora.com/Whats-a-cool-useful-skill-tip-that-only-takes-five-minutes-to-learn/answer/Raunak-Garg?__snids__=1014834690&__nsrc__=2#" id="__w2_sEwfV5e_toggle_link"><span id="ld_zkmciq_33513"><span id="ld_koscii_28111"><span class="inline_editor_value">The voice call feature will be downloaded but will be locked.!!</span></span></span></span></span><br />
<span style="color: #444444;"><span href="http://www.quora.com/Whats-a-cool-useful-skill-tip-that-only-takes-five-minutes-to-learn/answer/Raunak-Garg?__snids__=1014834690&__nsrc__=2#" id="__w2_sEwfV5e_toggle_link"><span id="ld_zkmciq_33513"><span id="ld_koscii_28111"><span class="inline_editor_value">But in order to enable this feature you have to receive at least one whatsapp call from other number which has enabled this feature </span></span></span></span></span><br />
<span style="color: #444444;"><span href="http://www.quora.com/Whats-a-cool-useful-skill-tip-that-only-takes-five-minutes-to-learn/answer/Raunak-Garg?__snids__=1014834690&__nsrc__=2#" id="__w2_sEwfV5e_toggle_link"><span id="ld_zkmciq_33513"><span id="ld_koscii_28111"><span class="inline_editor_value"><br />ENJOY the fullest..!! :)</span></span></span></span></span></div>
v!p!nhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01741983601480799957noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3733565957507572815.post-1822736552628904522015-02-07T21:52:00.001+05:302015-12-30T10:42:34.877+05:30GATE 2015 COMPUTER SCIENCE (CSE) QUESTIONS AND ANSWER KEY<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;">Hello reader,</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;">Here I am posting the questions asked in GATE 2015 COMPUTER SCIENCE (CSE) Exam and the answer key. I am thankful to all my friends who have shared these questions. If you also want to share any question other than posted here feel free to comment that here.</span><br />
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;">Do you know any question other than posted here? Feel free to comment here.</span>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;">All Answers were collected from various forums. Check it and suggest corrections if required.</span></span></span></span></span></marquee></h3>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Here we go.!!</span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">1. Which of the following is not correct about HTTP cookies ?</span></span></span></span>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">a.A cookie is a piece of code that has a potential to compromise the security of an Internet user.</span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">b. A cookie gains entry to the user's work area through an HTTP Header.</span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">c. It has expiry date and time.</span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">d. It can be used to track the browsing pattern of a user at a particular site.</span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><i><span style="color: #38761d;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">a. </span></span></span></i></span><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><i><span style="color: #38761d;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">Any personal information that you give to a Web site, including credit
card information, will most likely be stored in a cookie unless you have
turned off the cookie feature in your browser. </span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><i><span style="color: #38761d;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">b. </span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><i><span style="color: #38761d;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">c. </span></span><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">The Expires directive in cookie tells the browser the exact/absolute date and time to delete the cookie</span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">d </span></span><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">If the user requests a page of the site for first time the server creates a random string and sends it as a cookie back
to the browser together with the requested page;</span></span><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">this cookie will automatically be sent by the browser to the server every time a new page from the site is requested;</span></span><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">the server stores the URL of the
requested page, the date/time of the request, and the cookie in a log
file. </span></span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #38761d;">By analyzing the log file collected in the process it is possible to plot browsing pattern. </span></span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><i><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #38761d;">Ans: a</span></span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">2.If a binary tree has 20 leaves, then how many nodes will have two children nodes</span></span></span><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">?</span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><i><span style="color: #38761d;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">If there are n leaves, there will be (n-1) <span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-2-Frame"><nobr></nobr></span> nodes having two child nodes. </span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><i><span style="color: #38761d;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">Answer is 20-1=19</span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">3. In a typical server in which order the operations- accept, bind, listen and recv - will be executing?<br />a)listen,bind,accept,recv<br />b)bind,listen,accept,recv<br />c)listen,accept,bind,recv<br />d)accept,listen,bind,recv</span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"> </span></span></span></i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">bind( )</span></span></span></span><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"> :to associate the socket with a <a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="indexId434909-95"></a>port on server machine</span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">listen( )</span></span></span></span><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"> :</span></span><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">wait for incoming connections</span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">accept( )</span></span></span></span><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">:accept the connection request and returns new socket file descriptor</span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #38761d;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">recv( ) </span></span><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">: accepts the data from the client.</span></i></span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">The order is as in (b):</span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"> </span></i></span> </span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><br />4. Assume that for a certain processor, a read request takes 50 nanoseconds on a cache miss and 5 nanoseconds in a cache hit. Suppose while running a program, it was observed that 80% of the processor's read requests result in a cache hit. The average read access time in nanoseconds is :</span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">Ans: </span></span></i></span></span><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">effective memory access time = (hit rate * cache access time) +
(miss rate
* access time for cache miss),</span></span></i></span></span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">(50x20+5x80)/100=14 ns</span></span></i></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"> </span></span></i><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><br />5. Find the number of divisors for 2100?</span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">To find the number of positive integral divisors, write the number as a product of prime numbers. Add </span></span><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">one to exponent value of each prime number and multiply them together .</span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">Read the method in detail <a href="http://www.math-magic.com/misc/pos_int_div.htm" target="_blank">here</a>. </span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">Given number 2100 can be represented as 2100=2*3*5*7*2*5=2^2 * 3 * 5^2* 7</span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Total number of divisors= (2+1)*(1+1)*(2+1)*(1+1)= 3*2*3*2= 36</span></i></span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"> </span></i></span><br />6. Let R be the relation on the set of positive integers such that aRb if and only if a and b are distinct and have a common divisor other than 1. Which one of the following statements about R is true?</span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">a) Reflexive and symmetric but not transitive<br />b) Neither Reflexive nor symmetric but transitive<br />c) Symmetric but not reflexive, not transitive<br />d) Reflexive but not symmetric, not transitive</span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">Ans c</span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">#Given relation is symmetric for all integers. eg: 7R21 means 21R7</span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">#Given relation cannot be reflexive as a and b should be distinct numbers.</span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">#Given relation may not be transitive Eg: 7R21 and 21 R 3 are true but 7R3 is false.</span></i></span><br /><br />7. What will the following code print if input is given as <span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">ABCD EFGH </span><br /><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">void foo(char *a)<br />{<br /><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span>if(*a && *a != ' ')<br /> foo(a+1);<br />putchar(*a);<br />}</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">a.</span> ABCD EFGH<br /><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">b.</span> ABCD<br /><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">c</span>. EFGH<br /><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">d.</span> DCBA </span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"> <span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">Ans d</span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">8. Match the following</span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><br />A. Lexical analysis i. Graph coloring<br />B. Parsing ii. DFA minimization<br />C. Register allocation iii. Post order traversal<br />D. Expression evaluation iv. production tree</span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">Solution:</span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">A -ii B- iv C-i D-iii</span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">9. In a bank transaction scenario, <span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">read(x); x:=x-50; write(x); ready(y); y:=y+50; write(y);.</span> The restriction such that the sum of x and y should always be a constant will come under which property?<br />a. Atomicity<br />b. Consistency<br />c. Isolation<br />d. Durability</span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><i><span style="color: #38761d;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">Ans: b</span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><br />10. In an unordered list of numbers find the complexity of an algorithm to search for an element which is neither maximum nor minimum.<br />a. </span></span></span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">Θ(</span>n logn) </span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">b. </span></span></span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">Θ(</span> n)<br />c. </span></span></span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">Θ(</span>log n)<br />d. </span></span></span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">Θ(</span>1)</span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Ans: d</span></i></span></span></span></span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"> </span></i></span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">We only need to consider any 3 elements and compare them. So the
number of comparisons is constants, that makes time complexity as Θ(1)
</span></i></span></span></span></span></span></h3>
<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Let us take an array {10, 20, 15, 7, 90}. Output can be 10 or 15 or 20</span></i></span><br />
<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">
</span></i></span><span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Pick any three elements from given liar. Let the three elements be 10, 20 and 7.</span></i></span><br />
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Using 3 comparisons, we can find that the middle element is 10</span></i></span><br /><h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><br /><br />11. Consider the statements:<br />S1: If a candidate is corrupted, he will not be elected.<br />S2: If a candidate is kind, he will be elected.<br />Which of the conclusions is TRUE?</span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><br />a. If a candidate is corrupted he will be kind.<br />b. If a candidate is not corrupted he is not kind.<br />c. If a candidate is kind, he is not corrupted.<br />d. If a candidate is not kind he is not corrupted.</span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><i><span style="color: #38761d;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Ans : c</span></span></i><br /><br />12. Find the largest Eigen value for the matrix<br /> [4 5<br /> 2 1]</span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Ans: (4-x)(1-x)-5*2=0</span></i></span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">x^2-5x-6=0</span></i></span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Possible value of x are 3,-2,6, and -1.</span></i></span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Thus Maximum value is 6</span></i></span><br /><br />13. Which among the following should not be discussed in SRS?<br />a. User Interface issues.<br />b. Non functional requirements.<br />c. Design specifications.<br />d. Interface with third party software.</span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Ans : c</span></i></span><br />14. A system has 6 resources and N processes . Each process can demand for 2 resources n maximum. For what value of n deadlock will definitely occur?<br />a. 1<br />b. 2<br />c. 3<br />d. 4</span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Ans: Wrong question</span></i></span><br /><br />15. Which of the following statements are true about Abstract Syntax Tree(AST) and Control Flow graph(CFG)?<br />a. If N2 is a successor of N1 in AST and CFG the code implementing N2 will always be after the code implementing N1.<br />b. Neither AST nor CFG will carry a cycle.<br />c. The maximum number of successors in AST and CFG depends on input program.<br />d. In AST and CFG each node represents one statement in code.</span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Ans: c</span></i></span><br /><br />16. If left and right subtrees of a tree are max heaps, then find the time complexity to convert the tree into heap?<br />a.</span></span></span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="_Tgc _y9e">Ω</span>(logn)<br />b. </span></span></span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="_Tgc _y9e">Ω</span>(n)<br />c.</span></span></span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="_Tgc _y9e">Ω</span>(nlogn)<br />d. </span></span></span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="_Tgc _y9e">Ω</span>(n^2)</span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Ans: a</span></i></span><br /><br />17. A link has a transmission speed of 10^6 bits/sec. It uses data packets of size 1000 bytes each. Assume that the acknowledgment has negligible transmission delay, and that its propagation delay is the same as the data propagation delay. Also assume that the processing delays at nodes are negligible. The efficiency of the stop-and-wait protocol in this setup is exactly 25%. The value of the one-way propagation delay (in milliseconds) is :</span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Ans: 12</span></i></span><br /><br />18. Consider two decision problems Q1, Q2 such that Q1 reduces in polynomial time to 3-SAT and 3-SAT reduces in polynomial time to Q2. Then which one of the following is consistent with the above statement? <br />(A) Q1 is in NP, Q2 is NP hard.</span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"> (B) Q2 is in NP, Q1 is NP hard.</span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"> (C) Both Q1 and Q2 are in NP</span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"> (D) Both Q1 and Q2 are NP hard. </span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="color: #38761d;"><i>Ans: a</i></span></span><br /><br />19. Consider the function:<br /><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">int f(n)<br />{<br />int x=1,k;<br /><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span>if(n==1)<br /> return x;<br />for(k=1;k<n;k++)<br /> x=x+f(k)*f(n-k);<br />return x;<br />}</span><br />What will be the return value for f(5)?</span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">f(1) = 1</span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">f(2)= 1+ 1*1 =2</span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">f(3)=1+1*2=3 ;</span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"> 3+2*1=5</span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">f(4)= 1+1*5=6</span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"> 6+2*2=10</span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"> 10+5*1=15</span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">f(5)= 1+1*15=16</span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"> 16+2*5=26</span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"> 26+5*2=36</span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"> 36+15*1=51 </span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Ans: 51</span></i></span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><br /><br />20.Equation to find duration for software development using COCOMO Model where a,b,c,d<br />are usual constants:</span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">a. E=a(KLOC)exp(b) D=c(E)exp(d)<br />b. E=a(KLOC)exp(b) D=c(KLOC)exp(d)<br />c. E=a exp(b) D=c exp(d)<br />d. E=c exp(d) D=a exp(b)</span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Ans:a</span></i></span> </span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><br />21. Find the cardinality of power set of {0 , 1 , 2 , ...., 10}</span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Ans: Cardinality= 2^(number of elements) =2^11=2048</span></i></span><br /><br />22. A graph is self complementary if it is isomorphic to its complementary graph. For a self complementary graph of n vertices which of the following is correct?<br />a. n is a multiple of 4<br />b. n is odd<br />c. n is even<br />d. n is congruent to 0 mod 4 or 1 mod 4<br /><br /><span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Ans : d</span></i></span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><br />23. Which of the following is correct?<br />a. Code inspection is done after unit testing is completed.<br />b. Code walk through and Code inspection are synonymous.<br />c. Coding standards are evaluated during code inspection<br />d. Code walk through is done by an independent team.</span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">Ans: a. </span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">Unit testing should be done before Code inspection. </span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">Code inspection and code walk through have many differences. For example, Code inspection is formal, initiated by project team and planned one while walk through is informal, initiated by the author and unplanned.</span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">Code Inspection is done to find and fix mistakes</span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">Code walk throgh is done by the author only</span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><br />24 Consider a simple check-pointing protocol and the following set of operations in the log. </span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><br /><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">(start, T4); (write, T4, y, 2, 3); (start, T1); (commit, T4); (write, T1, z, 5, 7);</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"> (checkpoint);</span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"> (start, T2); (write, T2, x, 1, 9); (commit, T2); (start, T3), (write, T3, z, 7, 2); </span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><br />If a crash happens now and the system tries to recover using both undo and redo operations, what are the contents of the undo list and the redo list?</span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><br />(A) Undo: T3, T1; Redo: T2 </span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">(B) Undo: T3, T1; Redo: T2, T4 </span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">(C) Undo: none; Redo: T2, T4, T3, T1 </span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">(D) Undo: T3, T1, T4; Redo: T2 </span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><br /><span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Ans: A</span></i></span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">In recovery stage, we need not take care of transactions committed before checkpoint. </span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"></span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">T2 is committed after checkpoint. Thus redo it.</span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">T1 and T3 are not committed after checkpoint. Thus abort them by undoing</span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><br />25. If there are ten buckets numbered from 0 to 9 and input values can be in between 0 and 2020, which of the following function can fairly distribute values among buckets?<br />a. h(i)= i^2 mod 10<br />b. h(i) = i^3 mod 10<br />c. h(i) = 11. i^2 mod 10<br />d. h(i)= 12. i^2 mod 10</span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">Ans: B</span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><br />26. A grammar is given as :<br />X0=1X1<br />X1:= 0X1+ 1X1<br />X2 := 0X1+ </span></span></span></span><span class="_Tgc">λ</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">Which of the following regular expressions can correctly represent the grammar?<br />a. 10(0*+ (10)*)1<br />b. 10(0*1(10)*)*1<br />c. 1 (0+10)*1<br />d. 10(0+10)*1 + 110(0+10)*1</span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Ans: C</span></i></span><br /><br />27. Host A sends a UDP datagram containing 8880 bytes of user data to host B over an Ethernet LAN. Ethernet frames may carry data up to 1500 bytes (i.e. MTU1500 bytes). Size of UDP header is 8 bytes and size of IP header is 20 bytes. There is no option field in 111 header. How many total number of IP fragments will be transmitted and what will be the contents of offset field in the last fragment?</span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"> (A) 6 and 925</span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"> (B) 6 and 7400</span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"> (C) 7 and 1110<br /> (D) 7 and 8880 <br /><br /><span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Ans: C</span></i></span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><br />28. If a connection has speed of 104560 bits per second and works in TCP connection. If '</span></span></span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">α</span>' is the RTT before TCP scaling and '</span></span></span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">β</span>' is the window size after TCP scaling then value of </span></span></span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">α</span> and </span></span></span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">β</span> will be:<br />a. 63 ms , 65535 x 2^14<br />b. 63 ms , 65535 x 2^16<br />c. 500 ms , 65535 x 2^14<br />d. 500 ms , 65535 x 2^16</span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Ans: C</span></i></span><br /><br />29. The edge which causes graph disconnected on deleting it is called bridge. Which of the following is true about bridge?<br />a. There will be no bridge in a tree.<br />b. Bridge can never be a part of a simple cycle.<br />c. Every edge in a clique having more than 3 nodes is a bridge.<br />d. If a graph has bridge there will be no cycle in it.</span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Ans: B</span></i></span><br /><br />30. A system has memory segments of size 200, 400, 600, 500, 300 and 250<br />respectively. If the processes of size 357, 210, 468, and 491 are allocated in segments using best fit algorithm, what segments will be left unused?<br />a. 200 & 300<br />b. 250 & 300<br />c. 200 & 400<br />d. 200 & 250</span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Ans : A</span></i></span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"> </span></i></span><br />31. Two operations are performed on given matrix</span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">3 4 45<br />7 9 105<br />13 2 195</span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">I . Add third row to second row<br />II . Subtract third column from first column <br />then Determinant is:<br /><br /><span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">(I) </span></i></span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">3 4 45</span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">20 11 300<br /> </span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">13 2 195</span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><br /></span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">(II)</span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">3 4 42</span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">20 11 280</span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">13 2 182</span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"> </span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">Do the row transform as C3--> C3/14</span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">3 4 3</span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">20 11 20</span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">13 2 13</span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">As C1=C3 Determinant =0</span></i></span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><br /></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">32. Consider a processor with byte-addressable memory. Assume that all registers, including Program Counter (PC) and Program Status Word (PSW), are of size 2 bytes. A stack in the main memory is implemented from memory location (0100)16 and it grows upward. The stack pointer (SP) points to the top element of the stack. The current value of SP is (016E) <span style="font-size: xx-small;">16</span>. The CALL instruction is of two words, the first word is the op-code and the second word is the starting address of the subroutine (one word = 2 bytes). The CALL instruction is implemented as follows: <br />• Store the current value of PC in the stack </span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">• Store the value of PSW register in the stack</span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"> • Load the starting address of the subroutine m PC </span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><br />The content of PC just before the fetch of a CALL instruction is (5FAO) <span style="font-size: xx-small;">16</span>. After execution of the CALL instruction, the value of the stack pointer is</span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"> (A) (016A) <span style="font-size: xx-small;">16</span> (B) (016C)<span style="font-size: xx-small;">16</span> (C) (0170)<span style="font-size: xx-small;">16</span> (D) (0172)<span style="font-size: xx-small;">16</span> </span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">Current value of SP: 016E</span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">PC (2 bytes) will be stored in: 016F and 0170</span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">PSW(2bytes) will be stored in: 0171 and 0172</span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">So after execution of CALL instruction the value of stack pointer is 0172 </span></i></span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">33.Given two relations: R1(A,B)= {(1,5), (3,7)} and R2(A, C) = {(1 , 7),(4,9)}. R is a relation obtained the doing FULL NATURAL OUTER JOIN between R1 and R2. Find the tuples that cannot be a member of R</span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"> <span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">a = (1,5,NULL) b = (1,5,9) c = (1,3,7) d = (4,3,9) e = (1,5,7) f= (3,7,NULL) g = (4,NULL,9)</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">a. a,b,c,d,e not f,g</span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">b. a,b,c,d,e,f,g<br />c. e,f,g not a,b<br />d. e</span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">Full natiral outer join of R1 and R2::<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">(1,5,7), (3,7,NULL), (4,NULL,9)</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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</h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Ans: c</span></i></span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">34. Find the minimal number of gates required to implement the function <br />[D' +AB' +A'C + AC'D +A'C'D]'</span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Ans: 1</span></i></span><br /><br />35. Find the minimum number of states in DFA required to represent the regular expression (0+1)*10</span></span></span></span></h3>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhTEpjva6cKizPN3bo9u8aL5jUAAOEY2WtzESSOmnumPyCtYMnilz-SigsCZlXCSptII2RWPNTd048s0Job2KRKPsbqqCPBr4goFrtSOJ5xdX4h6KvB_m2jAHk1nSCDFN3zJeTtmdLPLIc/s1600/dfa.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhTEpjva6cKizPN3bo9u8aL5jUAAOEY2WtzESSOmnumPyCtYMnilz-SigsCZlXCSptII2RWPNTd048s0Job2KRKPsbqqCPBr4goFrtSOJ5xdX4h6KvB_m2jAHk1nSCDFN3zJeTtmdLPLIc/s1600/dfa.png" width="400" /></a><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="color: #38761d;"><i>Minimal no of states=3</i></span></span> </span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">36 )A computer system implements 8 kilobyte pages and a 32-bit physical address space. Each page table entry contains a valid bit, a dirty bit, three permission bits, and the translation. If the maximum size of the page table of a process is 24 megabytes, the length of the virtual address supported by the system is bits. </span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"> Ans: 36</span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">37. The number of onto functions (surjective functions) from set X = {1, 2, 3, 4} to set<br />Y = {a, b, c} is</span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"> <span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">A function f from X to Y is surjective if every element y in Y has a corresponding element x in X such that f(x) = y. </span></i></span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span class="ya-q-full-text" id="yui_3_17_2_3_1423933633049_723"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><br />
.In given problem n = 4 and m = 3. </span></span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span class="ya-q-full-text" id="yui_3_17_2_3_1423933633049_723"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">Count the number of partitions of A into
m blocks.</span></span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span class="ya-q-full-text" id="yui_3_17_2_3_1423933633049_723"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"> The no of partitions of elements 1, 2,3 and 4 of X into 3 blocks is Stirling value S{4,3}=6</span></span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span class="ya-q-full-text" id="yui_3_17_2_3_1423933633049_723"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"> Each partition the
first block can map to any of the m elements of Y, Total number of mappings will be m!=3!=6</span></span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Total number of onto functions= S{n,m}*m!=S{4,3}*3!=6*6=36</span></i></span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">38. All possible functions are made between set having 2 and 20 distinct elements respectively. Find the probability of selecting an one to one function:</span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"> </span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">39. Four branches of a company are located at M,N,O and P. </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"> M is north of N at a distance of 4 Km, N is 1 km south east to O, and P is 2 km south to O. what is distance between M to P ? </span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">a. 5.34</span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">b. 6.74</span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">c. 28.5</span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">d. 45.49 </span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Ans: a </span></i></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">40. </span></span></span></span><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">Which of following statements can be used to find the total weight of 10 poles using following statements. </span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">S1: 1/4th weight of one pole is 5<br /> S2: The total weight of these poles is 160 kg more than the total weight of two poles</span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">a. S1 alone</span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">b. S2 alone</span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">c. either S1 or S2</span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">d. Neither S1 nor S2 </span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">Ans C</span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">S1: Total weight= 5/0.25 *10 =200</span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">S2: Total weight=160/8*10 =200</span></i></span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">41.</span></span></span></span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">Consider a function f(x) = 1 – |x| on –1 ≤ x ≤1. The value of x at which the function<br />attains a maximum and the maximum value of the function are:<br />(a) 0, –1 </span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">(b) –1, 0</span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">(c) 0, 1</span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">(d) –1, 2 </span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Ans c </span></i></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">42. Let f(x) = x^–(1/3) and A denote the area of the region bounded by f(x) and the X-axis,<br />when x varies from –1 to 1. Which of the following statements is/are True?</span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><br />1. f is continuous in [–1, 1]</span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"> 2. f is not bounded in [–1, 1]</span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">3. A is nonzero and finite</span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><br />(a) 2 only</span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"> (b) 3 only<br />(c) 2 and 3 only </span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">(d) 1, 2 and 3</span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"> </span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">The graph for given function is plotted as above.</span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">f is not defined for x<0. Hence it is not continuous in [-1,1]</span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">f is not bounded in [-1,1]</span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">A is nonzero and finite</span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">hence c is answer</span></i></span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">43. Consider the three languages given:</span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">L1 : {wxwR| where w R is reversal of w}</span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">L2: {a^m b^n | </span></span></span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">m≠n where m,n >0}</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">L3: {a^p b^q c^r | where p,q,r >0}</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">Which of these is/are regular?</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">a. L1<br />b. L3<br />c. L1 & L3<br />d. L1 , L2 & L3 </span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">44. Which one of the following underline word is correct with reference to sentence<br />a) Industrialist owns a<u> personnel </u>jet.<br />b) I daily write my <u>personnel</u> diary.<br />c) All <u>personnel</u> are given day off.<br />d) Being religious is a <u>personnel</u> aspect.</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">Ans c: personnel means "</span></span></span></span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">people employed in an organization"</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"> 45. Which one of the following word is related to clothes like pair of jeans,shirt,etc</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">a) fabric<br />b) textile<br />c) fiber<br />d) apparel</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">a: fabric: </span></span></span><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">cloth produced by weaving</span></span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">b. textile: </span></span></span><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">a type of cloth</span></span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">c. Fiber: </span></span></span><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">a thread from which cloth is formed. </span></span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"><span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">d Apparel: clothing</span></i></span></span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">46. Consider the sequence of machine instructions given below::</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"><br />MUL R5, R0, R1<br />DIV R6, R2, R3<br />ADD R7, R5, R6<br />SUB R8, R7, R4</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"><br />In the above sequence, R0 to R8 are general purpose registers. In the instructions<br />shown, the first register stores the result of the operation performed on the second<br />and the third registers. This sequence of instructions is to be executed in a pipelined<br />instruction processor with the following 4 stages: </span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">(1) Instruction Fetch and Decode(IF),</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"> (2) Operand Fetch (OF), </span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">(3) Perform Operation (PO) </span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">(4) Write back theResult (WB). </span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">The IF, OF and WB stages take 1 clock cycle each for any instruction.The PO stage takes 1 clock cycle for ADD or SUB instruction, 3 clock cycles for MUL instruction and 5 clock cycles for DIV instruction. The pipelined processor uses operand forwarding from the PO stage to the OF stage. The number of clock cycles taken for the execution of the above sequence of instructions is ___________</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">Cycle no Operations</span></span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">========||================</span></span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">1 IF1 -- -- --</span></span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">2 IF2 OF1 -- --</span></span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">3,4,5 IF3 OF2 PO1 --</span></span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">6,7,8,9,10 IF4 OF3 PO2 WB1</span></span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">11 -- OF4 PO3 WB2</span></span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">12 -- --- PO4 WB3</span></span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">13 -- -- -- WB4 </span></span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"><span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Ans: 13</span></i></span></span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">47. Fill the blanks<br />we _________ our friend's birthday and we ________ how to make up<br />a) completely forgot, don't just know<br />b) forgot completely, don't just know<br />c) completely forgot, just don't know<br />d) forgot completely, just don't know</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">Ans c</span></span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">48. Calculate distance between S and P<br />M is 4km north of N<br />P is 2 km south of O<br />N is 1km south East of O<br />a) 5.34<br />b) 4<br />c) 28.5<br />d)6.something</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">47. If p,q,r,s,t is the arithmetic sequence then which of the following is also an arithmetic sequence<br />I 2p,2q,2r,2s,2t <br />II p^2,q^2,r^2,s^2,t^2<br />III p-3,q-3,r-3,s-3,t-3<br />a) I & II<br />b) I & III<br />c) I only<br />d) III only</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"><span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Ans b) </span></i></span></span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">48. In a function integer i,j,k,l<br />f(i,j,k,l)=max(i,j,k,l)<br />g(i,j,k,l)=Min(i,j,k,l)<br />h(i,j,k,l)= remainder of (i*j/k*l) if i*j>k*l or (k*l/i*j) if k*l>i*j</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">Also a function fgh(i,j,k,l)=f(i,j,k,l) x g(i,j,k,l) x h(i,j,k,l)<br />compute the value of fg(h(2,5,3,7),4,6,8)</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">Ans: </span></span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"><span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">fg(h(2,5,3,7),4,6,8)=fg(1,4,6,8)= f(1,4,6,8) <span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">*</span></span> (g(1,4,6,8) =8x1=8</span></i></span></span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">49.The secant method is used to find the root of an equation f(x) = 0. It is started from<br />two distinct estimates xa and xb for the root. It is an iterative procedure involving<br />linear interpolation to a root. The iteration stops if f(xb) is very small and then xb<br />is the solution. The procedure is given below. Observe that there is an expression<br />which is missing and is marked by? Which is the suitable expression that is to be<br />put in place of? So that it follows all steps of the secant method?</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"><br />Secant<br />Initialize: xa, xb, ε, N // ε = convergence indicator<br />fb= f(xb)<br />i = 0<br />while (i < N and | fb | > ε) do<br />i = i + 1 // update counter<br />xt= ? // missing expression for<br />// intermediate value<br />xa= xb// reset xa<br />xb= xt// reset xb<br />fb= f(xb) // function value at new xb<br />end while<br />if |fb| > εthen // loop is terminated with i = N<br />write “Non-convergence”<br />else<br />write “return xb”<br />end if</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"><br />(a) xb– (fb– f(xa)) fb/ (xb– xa)</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"> (b) xa– (fa– f(xa)) fa/ (xb– xa)<br />(c) xb– (fb– xa) fb / (xb – fb(xa)</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"> (d) xa– (xb– xa) fa/ (fb– f (xa))</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">50.For a given B+ tree of order 1 ,minimum number of nodes to be fetched for a given query<br />"X greater than or equal to 5 and less than 15"</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">51. Consider a typical disk that rotates at 15000 rotations per minute (RPM) and has a transfer rate of 50x 10^6 bytes/sec. If the average seek time of the disk is twice the average rotational delay and the controller's transfer time is 10 times the disk transfer time, the average time (in milliseconds) to read or write a 512-byte sector of the disk is :</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="color: #38761d;"><i>Ans : 6.1 </i></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">52. The minimum number of JK flipflops required to construct a synchronous counter with the counting sequence (0,0,1,1,2,2,3,3,0,0,......) is:</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"><span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Ans : 2 </span></i></span></span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">53. Out of the following four sentences, select the most suitable sentence with respect to grammar and usage:</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">a. Since the report lacked needed information, it was of no use to them.</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">b. The report was useless to them because there were no needed information in it.</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">c.Since the report did not contain the needed information , it was not real useful to them.</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">d. Since the report lacked needed information, it would not have been useful to them.</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="color: #38761d;"><i>Ans : a </i></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">54 <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhVy-fahxNcqNvke73V_PK-kldpsLXVHgArfZY6Z7RgBvCjzi4DOB4ySAhtR1KgjLBc_oHeDsbrTPrhppTsUnyEWAeuS7T_Ue5L6f_zm9XL6irQ0a-OHLRDie6DVj-sVVpXWsbubDy3kQ0/s1600/qm.PNG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="164" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhVy-fahxNcqNvke73V_PK-kldpsLXVHgArfZY6Z7RgBvCjzi4DOB4ySAhtR1KgjLBc_oHeDsbrTPrhppTsUnyEWAeuS7T_Ue5L6f_zm9XL6irQ0a-OHLRDie6DVj-sVVpXWsbubDy3kQ0/s1600/qm.PNG" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"> </span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"> </span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"> </span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"> </span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"> </span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"> </span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">Ans b</span></span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">55) . A computer system implements a 40-bit virtual address, page size of 8 kilobytes, and a 128-entry translation look-aside buffer (TLB) organized into 32 sets each having four ways. Assume that the TLB tag does not store any process id. The minimum length of the TLB tag in bits is_________:</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"> </span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">Size of a page = 8KB = 2^13<br />
Total number of bits needed to address a page frame = 40 – 13 = 27</span></span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"><br />
If there are ‘n’ cache lines in a set, the cache placement is called
n-way set associative. Since T.L.B is 4 way set associative and can hold
total 128 page table entries, number of sets in cache = 2^7/4 =
2^5. </span></span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">So 5 bits are consumed to address a set.</span></span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"><span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Hence number of bits needed for tag= 27 -5 =22 </span></i></span></span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">56) Consider the following statements. </span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"><br />I. The complement of every Turing decidable language is Turing decidable </span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">II.There exists some language which is in NP but is not Turing decidable </span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">III. If L is a language in NP, L is Turing decidable </span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"><br />Which of the above statements is/are true? </span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"><br />(A) Only II</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">(B) Only I</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">(C) Only I and II </span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">(D) Only I and III </span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">
</span></i></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"><span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Ans: D</span></i></span></span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">57 With reference to the B+ tree index of order 1 shown below the minimum number of nodes , including root node, that must be fetched in order to satisfy the following query : "Get all records with search key greater than or equal to 7 and less than 15" is______</span></span></span></span></span><img alt="" height="213" 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" width="640" /></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"><span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Ans : 5 </span></i></span></span></span></span></span></span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">58 Consider the following routing table at an IP router: </span></span></span></span></span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"><br />Network No. Net Mask Next Hop </span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">128.96.170.0 255255.254.0 Interface 0 </span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">128.96.168 0 255.255.254.0 Interface 1 </span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">128.96.166.0 255.255.254.0 R2</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">128.96.164.0 255.255.252_0 R3</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"> 0.0.0.0 Default R4 </span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"><br />For each IP address in Group I identify the correct choice of the next hop from Group II using the entries from the routing table above. <br />Group I</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">A) 128.96.171.92 </span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">B)128.96.167.151 </span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">C) 128.96.163.151</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">D) 128.96.165.121 </span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">Group II</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">1) Interface 0</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">2) Interface 1 </span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">3)R2</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">4) R3</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">5) R4</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"><span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">A-1 B-3 C-5 D-4</span></i></span> </span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"></span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"><br />59.Which of the following well formed formulae is a tautology?</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<img alt="" height="81" 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" 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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">Ans C </span></span></span></span></i></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">60. Given below are some algorithms, and some algorithm design paradigms. <br />1. Dijkstra's Shortest Path </span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">2. Floyd-Warshall algorithm to compute pairs shortest path</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"> 3. Binary search on a sorted array </span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">4. Backtracking search on a graph </span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">i. Divide and Conquer all</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"> ii. Dynamic Programming</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"><br />iii. Greedy design</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"> iv. Depth-first search</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"> v. Breadth-first search </span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">Match the above algorithms </span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">(A) 1-i,2-iii, 3-i, 4-v. </span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">(B)1-iii, 2-iii, 3-i, 4-v. </span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">(C) 1-iii,2-ii, 3-i, 4-iv.</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"> (D)1-iii, 2-ii, 3-i, 4-v. </span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"><span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Ans: C </span></i></span></span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">61) A Young tableau is a 2D array of integers increasing from left to right and from top to bottom. Any unfilled entries are marked with </span></span></span></span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"><span class="_Tgc _y9e">∞</span>, and hence there cannot be any entry to the right of, or below a</span></span></span></span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"><span class="_Tgc _y9e"> ∞</span>. The following Young tableau consists of unique entries. </span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"><br />1 2 5 14 </span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">3 4 6 23 </span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">10 12 18 25 </span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">31 </span></span></span></span></span><span class="_Tgc _y9e">∞ </span><span class="_Tgc _y9e">∞ </span><span class="_Tgc _y9e">∞</span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"><br />When an element is removed from a Young tableau. other elements should be moved into its place so that the resulting table is still a Young tableau (unfilled entries may be filled in with a </span></span></span></span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"><span class="_Tgc _y9e">∞</span>). The minimum number of entries (other than 1) to be shifted, to remove 1 from the given Young tableau is :</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"> </span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">After removing 1,</span></span></span></i></span></span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">a. Move 2 to position (0,0) </span></span></span></i></span></span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">b. Move 3 to position (0,1)</span></span></span></i></span></span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">c. Shift 4, 6 and 23 to one cell left</span></span></span></i></span></span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="color: #38761d;"><i>Minimum 5 numbers have to be shifted.</i></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">62) A half adder is implemented with XOR and AND gates. A full adder is implemented with two half adders and one OR gate. The propagation delay of an XOR gate is twice that of an AND/OR gate. The propagation delay of an AND/OR gate is 1.2 microseconds. A 4-bit ripple-carry binary adder is implemented by using four full adders. The total propagation time of this 4-bit binary adder in microseconds is :</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"><span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Ans: 12 </span></i></span></span></span></span></span></span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"> </span></span></span></span></span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">63 ) Suppose you are provided with the following function declaration in the C programming language. <br /><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">int partition(int a[]), int n); </span><br />The function treats the first element of a [ ] as a pivot, and rearranges the array so that all elements less than or equal to the pivot is in the left part of the array, and all elements greater than the pivot is in the right part. In addition, it moves the pivot so that the pivot is the last element of the left part. The return value is the number of elements in the left part. The following partially given function in the C programming language is used to find the kth smallest element in an array a [ ] of size n using the partition function. We assume k <=5 .</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"> int kth_smallest(int a[], int n, int k)</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"> {</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">int left_end = partition(a,n);</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"> if ( left_end+1 == k)</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">{</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">return a[left_end]; </span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">} <br />if ( left_end+1 > k )</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"></span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">( return kth_smallest( ____________ ); </span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">else ( return kth_smallest(___________ ); </span></span></span></span></span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">}</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"><br />The missing argument lists are respectively <br />(A) (a, left_end, k) and (a+left_end+1, n-left_end-1, k-left_end-1)</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"> (B) (a, left_end, k) and (a, n-left_end-1, k-left_end-1) </span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">(C) (a+left_end+1, n-left_end-1, k-left_end-1) and (a, left_end, k) </span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">(D) (a, n-left end-1, k-left end-1) and (a, left end, k) </span></span></span></span></span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"><span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Ans :A</span></i></span> </span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">64) Consider the C program below. </span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">#include <stdio.h></span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">int *A, stkTop; <br />int stkFunc(int opcode, int val) </span></span></span></span></span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">{<br />static int size=0, stkTop=0;</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"> switch (opcode)</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"> {</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"> case -1: size = val; break;</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"> case 0: if (stkTop < size) A[stkTop++] = val; break;</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"> default: if (stkTop) return A[--stkTop]; </span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">}<br />return -1; <br />} </span></span></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">int main()</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"> { <br />int B[20]; </span></span></span></span></span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">A = B;</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">stkTop = -1; <br />stkFunc (-1, 10); </span></span></span></span></span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">stkFunc ( 0, 5); </span></span></span></span></span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">stkFunc ( 0, 10);</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"> printf ("%d\n", stkFunc(1, 0) + stkFunc(1, 0)); <br />} </span><br />The value printed by the above program is_______</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">stkFunc (-1, 10) initialize stack size as 10. </span></span></span></span></i></span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">stkFunc ( 0, 5)and stkFunc ( 0, 10) push 5 and 10 in sequence.</span></span></span></span></i></span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">stkFunc(1, 0)and stkFunc(1, 0)pop 10 and 5 in sequnce.</span></span></span></span></i></span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">The sum 10+5 = 15 will be printed.</span></span></span></span></i></span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"> </span></span></span></span></span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">65) Consider the intermediate code given below.</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"><br /><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">(1) i = 1</span></span></span></span></span></span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"> (2) j = 1</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"> (3) t1 = 5 * i </span></span></span></span></span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">(4) t2 = t1 + j </span></span></span></span></span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">(5) t3 = 4 * t2</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"> (6) t4 = t3</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"> (7) a [t4] = -1</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"> (8) j = j + 1</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"> (9) if j<=5 goto (3) </span></span></span></span></span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">(10) i=i+1</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"> (<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">11) if 1<5 goto (2) </span></span></span></span></span></span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"><br />The number of nodes and edges in the control-flow-graph constructed for the above code, respectively, are </span></span></span></span></span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"><br />(A) 5 and 7 </span></span></span></span></span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st">(B) 6 and 7</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"><br />(C) 5 and 5</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="st"> (D) 7 and 8 </span></span></span></span></span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span class="st"><br /></span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="color: #38761d;"><i>Ans: B</i></span></span></span></span></span></span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<marquee>
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;">Do you know any question other than posted here? Feel free to comment here.</span> <span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;"> :)</span></span></span></span></span></marquee></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
</h3>
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span></span></span></span></span>
<br />
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"> </span> </span></span></span></h3>
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v!p!nhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01741983601480799957noreply@blogger.com16tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3733565957507572815.post-67197818525479065122015-02-02T01:36:00.000+05:302015-03-22T19:23:17.396+05:30KERALA PSC LECTURER IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (POLYTECHNICS) Questions and Solution<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
Hello reader,<br />
<br />
In this post we will discuss various questions and its solution from LECTURER IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (POLYTECHNICS). 388/2013 exam held in 2015 conducted by Kerala PSC.<br />
<br />
Hope this will be useful for you.<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<br />
Here we go.!!<br />
<br />
Question Code: A<br />
<br />
Maximum marks :100<br />
<br />
Time : 1 hour 15 minutes<br />
<br />
<br />
1. which state of India has its secretariat in WRITERS BUILDING?<br />
a. West Bengal<br />
b. Tamil nadu<br />
c. Punjab<br />
d. Bihar<br />
<br />
2. "NOT JUST AN ACCOUNTANCY" is a service story written by:<br />
<br />
a. Dr. Manmohan Singh<br />
b. Dr. Thomas Issac<br />
c. Vinod rai<br />
d. Dr. John Mathai<br />
<br />
3. The well known "Kuttankulam satyagraha" was held in:<br />
a. Irinjalakuda<br />
b. Punjab<br />
c.Vaikom<br />
d.Punalur<br />
<br />
<br />
4. "Guruvinte dukham" written by:<br />
a. MK sanu<br />
b. Sukumar Azhikkode<br />
c. Dr. Babu Paul<br />
d. Ayyappa Paniker<br />
<br />
5. The magazine Yuktivadi founded by:<br />
a. EMS<br />
b. Sahodaran Ayyappan<br />
c. K Kelappan<br />
d. AK Gopalan<br />
<br />
6. The founder of PratyakshaRaksha Daiva Sabha was:<br />
a. Vaikunda swamikal<br />
b. Ayyankali<br />
c. poykayil Appachan<br />
d. mannathu Padmanabhan<br />
<br />
7. BKS Ayyangar recently passed away was a great expert of:<br />
a. Modern medicine<br />
b. Bharatnatyam<br />
c.Kathak<br />
d. Yoga<br />
<br />
8. KPAC is a drama troupe of:<br />
a. Kannur<br />
b. Kozhicode<br />
c. Thrissur<br />
d. Alappuzha<br />
<br />
9. "kanaleriyum kaalam" is the autobiography of:<br />
a. Kuthattukulam Mary<br />
b. Rosamma Punnose<br />
c. Acama Cheriyan<br />
d. KR Gouri<br />
<br />
10. The brand ambassador of " Clean campus, Safe Campus" programme:<br />
a. Mammootty<br />
b. Mohan Lal<br />
c. Fahad Fazil<br />
d. Manju Warrier<br />
<br />
11. When 0< x < <span class="st">π/2 the sum of series</span><br />
<span class="st">1 -cos x +cos2x -cos3x+........</span><br />
<span class="st">a. 1+sinx</span><br />
<span class="st">b. </span><span class="st">√2 tan x</span><br />
<span class="st">c. 1/2 sec2 x/2</span><br />
d. sec x /<span class="st">√2</span><br />
<br />
12. The angle between the lines x - y= 2 and x+y=1 is<br />
a. <span class="st">π/2</span><br />
<span class="st">b. 0 </span><br />
c. <span class="st">π/4</span><br />
<span class="st">d. </span><span class="st"><span class="st">π</span> </span><br />
<br />
13. Let A , B two n x n orthogonal matrices then which of the following is true:<br />
a. AB is orthogonal<br />
b. AB is symmetric<br />
c. AB is triangular<br />
d. AB is singular<br />
<br />
14. The greatest rectangular area that can be enclosed by a 20 meter fencing is:<br />
a. 100<br />
b. 50<br />
c. 200<br />
d. 25<br />
<br />
15. The area bounded by straight lines x=0, y=0 and x+y=a is<br />
a. a2<br />
b. a/2<br />
c. a2/2<br />
d. a<br />
<br />
16. The solution of the system of linear equation x+y=0, 2x+y+z=1 , y+z=-1 is<br />
a. 1,-2,2<br />
b. 1,-1,0<br />
c. 1,2,-2<br />
d. 1,-1,1<br />
<br />
17. The value of (cos 15 - sin 15)2 is:<br />
a. 1/2<br />
b. root3/2<br />
c. 1/root2<br />
d. -1/2<br />
<br />
18. The solution of differential equation (x+2y3)dy/dx =y is:<br />
a. x2+y2/2 =c<br />
b. x=y3+cy<br />
c. x2/2y+2y3/3=x+c<br />
d. x=y2(c-e-y)<br />
<br />
19. <span class="st"> ∫x e-x2 dx</span><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
20. If A is 2 x 2 matrix with |A|=3 then |A adjA| is:<br />
a. 6<br />
b. 9<br />
c. 4<br />
d. 12<br />
<br />
21. the ingredient of brick earth that gives red color to bricks is:<br />
a. Alumina<br />
b. iron oxide<br />
c. Magnesia<br />
d. Silica<br />
<br />
22. The steel which is used in RCC is:<br />
a. Cast steel<br />
b. Stainless steel<br />
c. Mild steel<br />
d. Nickel steel<br />
<br />
23. The most economical foundation used when heavy structural loads from columns are required to be transferred to a soil of <br />
<br />
low bearing capacity is:<br />
a. Raft foundation<br />
b. Stepped Foundation<br />
c. Grillage foundation<br />
d. pile foundation<br />
<br />
24. the basic principle of surveying is:<br />
a. Working from whole to the part <br />
b. working from art to the whole<br />
c. Both A and B<br />
d. Reconnaissance<br />
<br />
25. the backsight of a BM of RL 150.205 is 1.505m. calculate the HI of the instrument:<br />
a. 150.755<br />
b. 150.205<br />
c. 148.700<br />
d. 151.710<br />
<br />
26. The turning moment of a two stroke cycle engine is more uniform than a four stroke engine because:<br />
a. Valve operations are required in four stroke engine , instead parts are used in two stroke engine.<br />
b. In two stroke engine, there is one power stroke in every revolution of crank shaft<br />
c. Both sides of the piston are effective during the operation of a two stroke engine<br />
d. Fuel supply is more uniform in two stroke engine compared to four stroke engine<br />
<br />
27. Higher compression ratio is employed in diesel engine compared to petrol engine because:<br />
a. self ignition temperature of diesel fuel is higher than petrol<br />
b. specific gravity of diesel fuel is higher than petrol<br />
c. hot compressed air is required to ignite the fuel injected in diesel engine<br />
d. residual gas can be reduced at higher compression ratio<br />
<br />
<br />
28. the function of propeller shaft in an automobile is:<br />
a. to transmit power from gear box to the differential<br />
b. to transmit power from engine to gear box<br />
c. to vary power from minimum to maximum<br />
d. to actuate steering gear mechanism<br />
<br />
29. The function of a surge tank in a hydro electric power plant is:<br />
a. to control level of water in reservoir<br />
b. to increase the power output from turbine<br />
c. to store excess water from reservoir<br />
d. to control the pressure fluctuation in pen stock pipe.<br />
<br />
30. Control rod is used in nuclear power plant in order to:<br />
a. control the pressure of coolant<br />
b. control flow rate of coolant<br />
c. control nuclear chain reaction<br />
d. slow down the fast moving neutrons in reactor<br />
<br />
31. The condition with which the Ohm's law is valid when:<br />
a. Voltage is directly proportional to current<br />
b. Voltage is inversely proportional to current<br />
c. Current is proportional o resistance<br />
d. Temperature remains constant<br />
<br />
32. lenz's law is used to determine the direction of:<br />
a. Dynamically induced emf<br />
b. statically induced emf<br />
c. magnetic field<br />
d. mutually induced emf<br />
<br />
33. Two resistors of 10 ohm and 20 ohm are connected in parallel. if the current in 10 ohm resistor is 2A , what is the current in other resistor?<br />
a. 1 A<br />
b. 3 A<br />
c. 2 A<br />
d. 4 A<br />
<br />
34. The main function of earth Leakage Circuit breaker (ELCB) is to protect the circuit against:<br />
a. over current<br />
b. under voltage<br />
c. lightning<br />
d. earth leakage current<br />
<br />
35. The voltage across an RLC series ac circuit is 10V. What will be the voltage across the capacitor if the voltage across the <br />
<br />
resistance is 8V and inductor is 12V?<br />
a. 8V<br />
b. 18V <br />
c. 5V<br />
d. 12V<br />
<br />
36. the ripple factor of a full bridge rectifier without any filter connected to it is:<br />
a. 1.11<br />
b. 0.482<br />
c. 1.00<br />
d. 1.21<br />
<br />
37. An LED, 1K ohm resistor and a 5V dc source is connected in series.assume the voltage measured across the LED is 2V. the current flow through the LED is:<br />
a. 1mA<br />
b. 10 mA<br />
c. 2 mA<br />
d. 3 mA<br />
<br />
38. A microprocessor is classified into 8 bit microprocessor based on its:<br />
a. Data bus width<br />
b. Address bus width<br />
c. ALU width<br />
d. Control bus width<br />
<br />
39. The output voltage of a voltage source pulse width modulated inverter depends on:<br />
a. DC battery voltage<br />
b. DC battery voltage and modulation index<br />
c. Output frequency<br />
d. modulation index <br />
<br />
40. A Bipolar Junction Transistor is used to drive an SPDT relay. When the relay is energized, the transistor will be operating in <br />
<br />
_____ region?<br />
a. Saturation<br />
b. cut off<br />
c. Active<br />
d. Cut off and saturation<br />
<br />
41. Which of the following Access control method is probabilistic?<br />
a. Polling<br />
b. Contention<br />
c. Token passing<br />
d. Sliding window<br />
<br />
42. one of the addresses in a block 167.199.82.27. What is the last address in this block?<br />
a. 167.199.170.95<br />
b. 167.199.170.96<br />
c. 167.199.170.255<br />
d. 167.199.170.224<br />
<br />
43. A network layer firewall works as a :<br />
a. Frame filter<br />
b. packet filter<br />
c. both A and B<br />
d. none<br />
<br />
44. A logic circuit that provides a HIGH output for both inputs HIGH or both inputs LOW:<br />
a. ExOR<br />
b. ExNOR<br />
c. OR<br />
d. NOR<br />
<br />
45. When referring to instruction words, a mnemonic is?<br />
a. Shorthand for machine language<br />
b. A short abbreviation for data word stored at operand address<br />
c. A short abbreviation for opearnd address<br />
d. A short abbreviation for operation to be performed<br />
<br />
46. Dijkstra's Banking Algorithm in an operating system solves the problem of:<br />
a. Deadlock avoidance<br />
b. deadlock recovery<br />
c. Mutual Exclusion<br />
d. Context switching<br />
<br />
47. Gray code equivalent of (1000)2 is:<br />
a. 1111<br />
b. 1100<br />
c. 1000<br />
d. None<br />
<br />
48. Which operator is used by java run time implementations to free the memory of an object when it is no longer needed?<br />
a. Delete<br />
b. Free<br />
c. New<br />
d. None<br />
<br />
49. In which ARQ when a NAK is received all frames sent since the last frame acknowledged are retransmitted?<br />
a. Stop and wait<br />
b. Go back N<br />
c. Selective reject<br />
d. Both A and B<br />
<br />
50. A Noiseless 3kHz channel transmits bits with binary level signals. What is the maximum data rate?<br />
a. 3 kbps<br />
b. 6 kbps<br />
c. 12 kbps<br />
d. 24 kbps<br />
<br />
51. When an instruction is read from memory it is called?<br />
a. Memory read cycle<br />
b. Fetch cycle<br />
c.Instruction cycle<br />
d. memory write cycle<br />
<br />
52. An HTML form is to be designed to enable purchases of office stationery. required items are to be selected . credit card <br />
<br />
details are to be entered and then the submit button is to be pressed. Which of the following options would be appropriate for <br />
<br />
sending the data to the server?<br />
a. GET<br />
b .POST<br />
c. Either GET or POST<br />
d. Neither GET nor POST<br />
<br />
53. Consider different activities related to email:<br />
m1: send an email from a mail client to a mail server<br />
m2: Download an email from mailbox to a mail client<br />
m3: Checking email from a web browser<br />
which is the application level protocol used in each activity?<br />
<br />
a. m1: HTTP m2: SMTP m3:POP<br />
b .m1:SMTP m2:FTP m3:HTTP<br />
c. m1:SMTP m2:POP m3:HTTP<br />
d. m1:POP m2:SMTP m3:IMAP<br />
<br />
54. In an IP packet, the value of HLEN is 15 and the value of total length field is 0028. how many bytes of data are being <br />
<br />
carried by this packet?<br />
a. 8<br />
b .40<br />
c. 64<br />
d. 20<br />
<br />
55. In asymmetric key cryptography the private key is kept by:<br />
a. sender<br />
b .receiver<br />
c. sender and receiver<br />
d. all connected devices to the network<br />
<br />
56. DES encrypts data in block size of______ bits each<br />
a. 64<br />
b .128<br />
c. 32<br />
d. 56<br />
<br />
57. Which is true for a typical RISC architecture?<br />
a. Microprogrammed control unit<br />
b . Instruction takes multiple clock cycles<br />
c. Have few registers in CPU<br />
d. Emphasis on optimizing instruction pipelines<br />
<br />
58. A top to bottom relationship among the items in a database is established by:<br />
a. Hierarchical schema<br />
b .Network schema<br />
c. Relational schema<br />
d. All of above<br />
<br />
59. In a GSM system BTS and BSC together form:<br />
a. Network substation<br />
b .Base station subsystem<br />
c. maintenance subsystem<br />
d. Operational subsystem<br />
<br />
60. Mobile phone in roaming is registered in:<br />
a. Visitors Location Registry of another MSC<br />
b. Visitors Location registry of same MSC<br />
c. Home location registry of another MSC<br />
d. Home Location registry of same MSC<br />
<br />
<br />
61. In a Piconet , there can be upto ----------- parked nodes in the net<br />
a. 63<br />
b. 127<br />
c. 255<br />
d. 511<br />
<br />
62. Minimum number of NAND gates required to implement a ExOR function is:<br />
a. 2<br />
b. 3<br />
c. 4<br />
d. 5<br />
<br />
63. A circuit in which connections to both AND and OR arrays can be programmed is called?<br />
a. RAM<br />
b. ROM<br />
c. PAL<br />
d. PLA<br />
<br />
64. Consider the schema R=(S T U V) and the dependencies :<br />
S --> T<br />
T --> U<br />
U -->V<br />
V-->S<br />
If R=(R1 and R2) be a decomposition such that R1 ^ R2= null then decomposition is :<br />
a. Not in 2NF<br />
b. In 2NF but not in 3NF<br />
c. in 3NF but not in 2NF<br />
d. in both 2NF and 3NF<br />
<br />
65. A flipflop is a:<br />
a. Combinational circuit<br />
b. Memory element<br />
c. Arithmetic element<br />
d. Memory or arithmetic<br />
<br />
66. Which of the following true:<br />
a. Every relation in 3NF is also in BCNF<br />
b. relation R is in 3NF ife very non prime attribute of R is fully functionally dependent of every key of R<br />
c. Every relation in BCNF is also in 3NF<br />
d. No relation can be both in BCNF and 3NF<br />
<br />
67. Offset value of code segment :<br />
a. Base pointer<br />
b. Stack pointer<br />
c. instruction pointer<br />
d. None<br />
<br />
68. A JK flip flop can be implemented using D flip flop connected such that<br />
a. D= JQ'+ K'Q<br />
b. D=J'Q+ KQ'<br />
c. D=J'Q'+KQ<br />
d. D=JQ'+KQ'<br />
<br />
<br />
69. In a software project, COCOMO is used to estimate:<br />
a. Effort and duration based on the size of software<br />
b. Size and duration based on effort of software<br />
c. Effort and cost based on duration of software<br />
d. Size , Effort and duration based on cost of software<br />
<br />
70. Arithmetic shift left operation:<br />
a. Produces the same result as obtained with logical shift left operation<br />
b. Causes sign bit to remain always unchanged<br />
c. Needs additional hardware to preserve sign bit<br />
d. is not applicable for signed 2's complement representation<br />
<br />
<br />
71. Segment number defines:<br />
a. Distance from the beginning to a particular location in a segment<br />
b. The ending of segment within the memory space<br />
c. The starting of segment within the memory space<br />
d. None of above<br />
<br />
<br />
72. How can you create a node for comment in javascript?<br />
a. comment()<br />
b. createcomment()<br />
c. comm()<br />
d. none<br />
<br />
73. Which microprocessor pins are used to request and acknowledge a DMA transfer?<br />
a. reset and ready<br />
b. ready and wait<br />
c. HOLD and HLDA<br />
d. None of the above<br />
<br />
74. Consider the following java program segment:<br />
<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">try{</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">int x=0;</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">int y=5/x;</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">}</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">catch(Exception e)</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">{</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">system.out.println("Exception");</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">}</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">catch(ArithmetcException ae)</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">{</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">System.out.println("Arithmetic exception);</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">}</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">System.out.println("Finished");</span><br />
What will be the output of code segment?<br />
a. Finished<br />
b. Exception<br />
c. Compilation fails<br />
d. Arithmetic exception<br />
<br />
<br />
75. Which activity does not take place during execution cycle?<br />
a. ALU performs the arithmetic and logical operation<br />
b. Effective address is calculated<br />
c. Next instruction is fetched<br />
d. Branch address is calculated and branching conditions are checked<br />
<br />
76. SD RAM refers to:<br />
a. Synchronous RAM<br />
b. Static RAM<br />
c. Semi RAM<br />
d. Second RAM<br />
<br />
77. A system has 3 processes sharing 4 resources. If each process needs a maximum of 2 units then:<br />
a. Deadlock can never occur<br />
b. Deadlock may occur<br />
c. Deadlock has to occur<br />
d. None of the above<br />
<br />
78. cache memory works on the principle of:<br />
a. Locality of data<br />
b. Locality of reference<br />
c. Locality of memory<br />
d. Locality of reference and memory<br />
<br />
79. Consider a logical address space of 8 pages of 104 words mapped into memory of 32 frames. how many bits are there in <br />
<br />
logical address?<br />
a. 9<br />
b. 11<br />
c. 13<br />
d. 15<br />
<br />
80. in a virtual memory system, the addresses used by the programmer belongs to:<br />
a. memory space <br />
b. physical address<br />
c. address space<br />
d. main memory address<br />
<br />
81. What will be the output of the following PHP code<br />
<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><?php</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">$a=5;</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">$b=5;</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">echo($a===$b);</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">?></span><br />
a. 5===5<br />
b. error<br />
c. 1<br />
d. false<br />
<br />
82. Determine the number of page faults when references to pages occur in the following orddr: 1,2,4,5,2,1,2,4. Assume that <br />
<br />
main memory can accommodate 3 pages and the main memory already has pages 1 and 2 with page 1 having brought earlier than page 2. (LRU algorithm is used).<br />
a. 3<br />
b. 5<br />
c. 4<br />
d. None of above<br />
<br />
83. Which of the following is FALSE?<br />
a. Segmentation suffers from external fragmentation<br />
b. Paging suffers from internal fragmentation<br />
c. Segmented memory can be paged<br />
d. Virtual memory is used only in multi user systems<br />
<br />
84. Ready pin of a microprocessor is used:<br />
a. To indicate that microprocessor is ready to receive inputs<br />
b. To indicate that microprocessor is ready to receive outputs.<br />
c. To provide direct memory access<br />
d. To introduce wait states<br />
<br />
85. An operating system uses shortest remaining time first (SRT) process scheduling algorithm. Consider the arrival times and <br />
<br />
execution times for the following processes:<br />
Process Execution time Arrival Time<br />
P1 20 0<br />
P2 25 15<br />
P3 10 30<br />
P4 15 45<br />
What is the total waiting time for P2?<br />
a. 5<br />
b. 15<br />
c. 40<br />
d. 55<br />
<br />
86. Let R(a,b,c) and S(d,e,f) be two relations in wich d is the foreign key of S that refers to the primary key of R. Consider the <br />
<br />
following four operations R and S:<br />
I. Insert into R<br />
II. Insert to S<br />
III. Delete from R<br />
IV. Delete from S<br />
<br />
Which of the following can cause violation of referntial integrity constraint above?<br />
a. Bith I and IV<br />
b. Both II and III<br />
c. All of above<br />
d. None of above<br />
<br />
87. Given a class named student , which of the following is a valid constructor declaration for the class?<br />
a. Student(student s) {}<br />
b. Student student(){}<br />
c. Private final student(){}<br />
d. void student(){}<br />
<br />
88. A binary tree T has n leaf nodes. the number of nodes of degree 2 in T is:<br />
a. logn<br />
b. 2n<br />
c. n<br />
d. 2^n<br />
<br />
<br />
89. Following sequence of operations is performed on a stack push(1), push(2), pop(),push(1),push(2),pop(),pop(),pop(),push<br />
<br />
(2),pop(). The sequence of popped out values are:<br />
a. 2,2,1,1,2<br />
b. 2,2,1,2,2<br />
c. 2,1,2,2,1<br />
d. 2,1,2,2,2<br />
<br />
90. What can be said about the array represenation of a circular queue when it contains only one element?<br />
a. FRONT=REAR+1<br />
b. FRONT=REAR-1<br />
c. FRONT=REAR=null<br />
d. None of above<br />
<br />
<br />
91. In the spiral model of software development the primry determinant in selecting activities in each iteartion is:<br />
a. Iteration size<br />
b. Cost<br />
c. Adopted process such as relational unified process or extreme programming<br />
d. risk<br />
<br />
<br />
92. A software organization as been assessed at SEICMM level 4. Which of the following does the organization need to practice <br />
<br />
beside proces change management anf technology change management in order to acheieve level 5?<br />
a. Defect detection<br />
b. Defect prevention<br />
c. Defect isolation<br />
d. Defect propagation<br />
<br />
<br />
93. The extent to which a software can control to operate correctly despite the introduction of invalid input is called as:<br />
a. Reliability<br />
b. Robustness<br />
c. Fault tolerance<br />
d. Probability<br />
<br />
94. Consider the following code segment in JAVA:<br />
<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">class X implements Runnable<br />{<br />public static void main(String args[])<br />{<br />/*Missing code*/<br />}<br />public void run()<br />{<br />}<br />}</span><br />
Which of the following line of code is suitable to start a thread?<br />
a. Thread t= nw Thread(X);<br />
b. Thread t=new Thread(X); t.start();<br />
c. X run=new X(); Thread t=new Thread(run); t.start();<br />
d. Thread t=new Thread(); x.run();<br />
<br />
95. Consider the following tree:<br />
<br />
<br />
(1)<br />
<br />
(2) (3)<br />
(4) (5) (6) (7)<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
If the post order traversl gives ab-cd*+ then the label of nodes 1,2,...7 wll be?<br />
a. + , -, * , a, b , c , d<br />
b. a , - , b , + ,c ,* , d<br />
c. a , b , c , d , - , * , +<br />
d. - , a , b ,+ , * , c , d<br />
<br />
<br />
96. The SQL expression<br />
Select distinct T.branchName from branch T,branch S where T.assets>S.assets and S.branchCity = "COCHIN"<br />
Finds the names of:<br />
a. All branches that have greater assets than some branch located in cochin<br />
b. All branches that have greater assets than all branches located in cochin<br />
c. The branch that has greatest asset in COCHIN<br />
d. Any branch that have greater assets than any branch located in cochin<br />
<br />
<br />
97. Relationship produced from an ER model will always be in:<br />
a. 1NF<br />
b. 2NF<br />
c. 3NF<br />
d. BCNF<br />
<br />
98. Which syntax is used to describe elemnts in CSS?<br />
a. Protectors<br />
b. Selectors<br />
c. Both A and B<br />
d. None of above<br />
<br />
99. Which object is the main entry point to all client side javascript features and APIs?<br />
a. Standard<br />
b. Location<br />
c. Window<br />
d. Position<br />
<br />
100. The let keyword in java script can be used in:<br />
a. in a for or for/in loop as substitute for var<br />
b. as a block statement to define new variables<br />
c. to define variables that are scoped to single expression<br />
d. All the mentioned<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
Solution:<br />
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v!p!nhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01741983601480799957noreply@blogger.com9tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3733565957507572815.post-74236526460554692542015-01-22T18:24:00.000+05:302015-01-22T18:34:22.856+05:30C code implementing a simple DFA<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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Hello freinds, </div>
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Here I am posting my C implementation of DFA shown below. This DFA will accept any string containing 'a's and 'b' and last symbol should be 'a'. </div>
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<span style="color: navy;">#include</span><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: green;"><stdio.h></span>
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<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; -qt-paragraph-type: empty; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"><span style="color: navy;">#define</span><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: navy;">TOTAL_STATES</span><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: navy;">2</span></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"><span style="color: navy;">#define</span><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: navy;">FINAL_STATES</span><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: navy;">1</span></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"><span style="color: navy;">#define</span><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: navy;">ALPHABET_CHARCTERS</span><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: navy;">2</span></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; -qt-paragraph-type: empty; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"><span style="color: navy;">#define</span><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: navy;">UNKNOWN_SYMBOL_ERR</span><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: navy;">0</span></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"><span style="color: navy;">#define</span><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: navy;">NOT_REACHED_FINAL_STATE</span><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: navy;">1</span></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"><span style="color: navy;">#define</span><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: navy;">REACHED_FINAL_STATE</span><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: navy;">2</span></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; -qt-paragraph-type: empty; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; -qt-paragraph-type: empty; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"><span style="color: olive;">enum</span><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: purple;">DFA_STATES</span><span style="color: black;">{</span><span style="color: purple;">q0</span><span style="color: black;">,</span><span style="color: purple;">q1</span><span style="color: black;">};</span></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"><span style="color: olive;">enum</span><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: purple;">input</span><span style="color: black;">{</span><span style="color: purple;">a</span><span style="color: black;">,</span><span style="color: purple;">b</span><span style="color: black;">};</span></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"><span style="color: olive;">int</span><span style="color: silver;"> </span>Accepted_states<span style="color: black;">[</span><span style="color: navy;">FINAL_STATES</span><span style="color: black;">]={</span><span style="color: purple;">q1</span><span style="color: black;">};</span></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"><span style="color: olive;">char</span><span style="color: silver;"> </span>alphabet<span style="color: black;">[</span><span style="color: navy;">ALPHABET_CHARCTERS</span><span style="color: black;">]={</span><span style="color: green;">'a'</span><span style="color: black;">,</span><span style="color: green;">'b'</span><span style="color: black;">};</span></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"><span style="color: olive;">int</span><span style="color: silver;"> </span>Transition_Table<span style="color: black;">[</span><span style="color: navy;">TOTAL_STATES</span><span style="color: black;">][</span><span style="color: navy;">ALPHABET_CHARCTERS</span><span style="color: black;">];</span></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; -qt-paragraph-type: empty; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"><span style="color: olive;">int</span><span style="color: silver;"> </span>Current_state<span style="color: black;">=</span><span style="color: purple;">q0</span><span style="color: black;">;</span></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"><span style="color: olive;">void</span><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: black;">DefineDFA</span><span style="color: black;">()</span></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"><span style="color: black;">{</span></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; -qt-paragraph-type: empty; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"><span style="color: silver;"> </span>Transition_Table<span style="color: black;">[</span><span style="color: purple;">q0</span><span style="color: black;">][</span><span style="color: purple;">a</span><span style="color: black;">]</span><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: black;">=</span><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: purple;">q1</span><span style="color: black;">;</span></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"><span style="color: silver;"> </span>Transition_Table<span style="color: black;">[</span><span style="color: purple;">q0</span><span style="color: black;">][</span><span style="color: purple;">b</span><span style="color: black;">]</span><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: black;">=</span><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: purple;">q0</span><span style="color: black;">;</span></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"><span style="color: silver;"> </span>Transition_Table<span style="color: black;">[</span><span style="color: purple;">q1</span><span style="color: black;">][</span><span style="color: purple;">a</span><span style="color: black;">]</span><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: black;">=</span><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: purple;">q1</span><span style="color: black;">;</span></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"><span style="color: silver;"> </span>Transition_Table<span style="color: black;">[</span><span style="color: purple;">q1</span><span style="color: black;">][</span><span style="color: purple;">b</span><span style="color: black;">]</span><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: black;">=</span><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: purple;">q0</span><span style="color: black;">;</span></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"><span style="color: black;">}</span></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; -qt-paragraph-type: empty; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"><span style="color: olive;">int</span><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: black;">DFA</span><span style="color: black;">(</span><span style="color: olive;">char</span><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: black;">current_symbol</span><span style="color: black;">)</span></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"><span style="color: black;">{</span></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"><span style="color: olive;">int</span><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: black;">i</span><span style="color: black;">,</span><span style="color: black;">pos</span><span style="color: black;">;</span></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;">
<span style="color: black;"></span></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: olive;">for</span><span style="color: black;">(</span><span style="color: black;">pos</span><span style="color: black;">=</span><span style="color: navy;">0</span><span style="color: black;">;</span><span style="color: black;">pos</span><span style="color: black;"><</span><span style="color: navy;">ALPHABET_CHARCTERS</span><span style="color: black;">;</span><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: black;">pos</span><span style="color: black;">++)</span></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: olive;">if</span><span style="color: black;">(</span><span style="color: black;">current_symbol</span><span style="color: black;">==</span>alphabet<span style="color: black;">[</span><span style="color: black;">pos</span><span style="color: black;">]) </span></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: olive;">break</span><span style="color: black;">;//stops if any character other than a or b</span></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: olive;">if</span><span style="color: black;">(</span><span style="color: black;">pos</span><span style="color: black;">==</span><span style="color: navy;">ALPHABET_CHARCTERS</span><span style="color: black;">)</span></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: olive;">return</span><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: navy;">UNKNOWN_SYMBOL_ERR</span><span style="color: black;">;</span></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: olive;">for</span><span style="color: black;">(</span><span style="color: black;">i</span><span style="color: black;">=</span><span style="color: navy;">0</span><span style="color: black;">;</span><span style="color: black;">i</span><span style="color: black;"><</span><span style="color: navy;">FINAL_STATES</span><span style="color: black;">;</span><span style="color: black;">i</span><span style="color: black;">++)</span></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: olive;">if</span><span style="color: black;">((</span>Current_state<span style="color: black;">=</span>Transition_Table<span style="color: black;">[</span>Current_state<span style="color: black;">][</span><span style="color: black;">pos</span><span style="color: black;">])</span></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"><span style="color: black;">==</span>Accepted_states<span style="color: black;">[</span><span style="color: black;">i</span><span style="color: black;">])</span></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: olive;">return</span><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: navy;">REACHED_FINAL_STATE</span><span style="color: black;">;</span></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: olive;">return</span><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: navy;">NOT_REACHED_FINAL_STATE</span><span style="color: black;">;</span></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; -qt-paragraph-type: empty; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"><span style="color: black;">}</span></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; -qt-paragraph-type: empty; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; -qt-paragraph-type: empty; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"><span style="color: olive;">int</span><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: black;">main</span><span style="color: black;">(</span><span style="color: olive;">void</span><span style="color: black;">)</span></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"><span style="color: black;">{</span></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; -qt-paragraph-type: empty; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: olive;">char</span><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: black;">current_symbol</span><span style="color: black;">;</span></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: olive;">int</span><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: black;">result</span><span style="color: black;">;</span></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"><span style="color: black;"> </span></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: black;">DefineDFA</span><span style="color: black;">(); //Fill transition table</span></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"><span style="color: black;"> </span></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"><span style="color: black;"> printf("Enter a string with 'a' s and 'b's:\n</span></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"><span style="color: black;"> Press Enter Key to stop\n");</span></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"><span style="color: black;"> </span></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"><span style="color: black;"> </span></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: olive;">while</span><span style="color: black;">((</span><span style="color: black;">current_symbol</span><span style="color: black;">=</span><span style="color: black;">getchar</span><span style="color: black;">())!=</span><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: green;">'\n'</span><span style="color: black;">)</span></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: olive;">if</span><span style="color: black;">((</span><span style="color: black;">result</span><span style="color: black;">=</span><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: black;">DFA</span><span style="color: black;">(</span><span style="color: black;">current_symbol</span><span style="color: black;">))==</span><span style="color: navy;">UNKNOWN_SYMBOL_ERR</span><span style="color: black;">)</span></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: olive;">break</span><span style="color: black;">;</span></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: olive;">switch</span><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: black;">(</span><span style="color: black;">result</span><span style="color: black;">)</span><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: olive;">{</span></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"><span style="color: olive;"> case</span><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: navy;">UNKNOWN_SYMBOL_ERR</span><span style="color: black;">:</span><span style="color: black;">printf</span><span style="color: black;">(</span><span style="color: green;">"Unknown</span><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: green;">Symbol</span><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: green;">%c"</span><span style="color: black;">,</span></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: black;">current_symbol</span><span style="color: black;">);</span><span style="color: silver;"> </span></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: olive;">break</span><span style="color: black;">;</span></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: olive;">case</span><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: navy;">NOT_REACHED_FINAL_STATE</span><span style="color: black;">:</span><span style="color: black;">printf</span><span style="color: black;">(</span><span style="color: green;">"Not</span><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: green;">accepted"</span><span style="color: black;">);</span><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: olive;">break</span><span style="color: black;">;</span></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: olive;">case</span><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: navy;">REACHED_FINAL_STATE</span><span style="color: black;">:</span><span style="color: black;">printf</span><span style="color: black;">(</span><span style="color: green;">"Accepted"</span><span style="color: black;">);</span><span style="color: olive;">break</span><span style="color: black;">;</span></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: olive;">default</span><span style="color: black;">:</span><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: black;">printf</span><span style="color: black;">(</span><span style="color: green;">"Unknown</span><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: green;">Error"</span><span style="color: black;">);</span></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: black;">}</span></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; -qt-paragraph-type: empty; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: black;">printf</span><span style="color: black;">(</span><span style="color: green;">"\n\n\n"</span><span style="color: black;">);</span></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; -qt-paragraph-type: empty; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: olive;">return</span><span style="color: silver;"> </span><span style="color: navy;">0</span><span style="color: black;">;</span></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"><span style="color: black;">}</span></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; -qt-paragraph-type: empty; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"></pre>
<pre style="-qt-block-indent: 0; -qt-paragraph-type: empty; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"></pre>
</div>
v!p!nhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01741983601480799957noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3733565957507572815.post-87423594181608781842015-01-11T01:06:00.002+05:302015-12-07T11:16:06.871+05:30INTERNET SECURITY : Networking Lecture Notes<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div style="text-align: center;">
<u><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: large;">TOPIC: INTERNET SECURITY</span></u></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEht-rsnu5Og6EUHNV_UtKZteF3Zg-tmEShtD2MFbxRRM7rHrqx0ny0svpzG5Ddo2mF4cQe9GxrzGMMgoxJK2yTuy5wwoUYeDgcWdAGEe3vq_rrjaCqZajOabQmU39tUBBTKb8w_2QUfDoE/s1600/internet-security-identity-theft-prevention.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEht-rsnu5Og6EUHNV_UtKZteF3Zg-tmEShtD2MFbxRRM7rHrqx0ny0svpzG5Ddo2mF4cQe9GxrzGMMgoxJK2yTuy5wwoUYeDgcWdAGEe3vq_rrjaCqZajOabQmU39tUBBTKb8w_2QUfDoE/s1600/internet-security-identity-theft-prevention.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<i><u><span style="color: red;">What is IPSec?</span></u></i><br />
<span style="color: #444444;">IPSecurity (IPSec) is a collection of protocols designed to provide security at the network layer.</span><br />
<span style="color: #444444;"><br /></span>
<span style="color: #444444;">Transport mode: The IPSec header and trailer are added to the information corning from the transport layer. The IP header is added later.</span><br />
<span style="color: #444444;"><br /></span>
<span style="color: #444444;">Tunnel mode: It takes an IP packet, including the header, applies IPSec security methods to the entire packet, and then adds a new IP header .</span><br />
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<i><u><span style="color: red;">What are the protocols associated with IPSec?</span></u></i><br />
<span style="color: #444444;"><i><u><span style="color: red;"><br /></span></u></i>
Authentication Header (AH): provides source authentication and data integrity. The protocol uses a hash function and a symmetric key to create a message digest;</span><br />
<span style="color: #444444;"><br /></span>
<span style="color: #444444;">Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP) :source authentication ,data integrity and privacy</span><br />
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<i><u><span style="color: red;"><br /></span></u></i>
<i><u><span style="color: red;">What are the reserved Addresses for private networks?</span></u></i><br />
<span style="color: #444444;">Prefix <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Range <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Total</span><br />
<span style="color: #444444;">10/8 <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>2^24</span><br />
<span style="color: #444444;">172.16/12 <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>2^20</span><br />
<span style="color: #444444;">192.168/16<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span> 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255 <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>2^16</span><br />
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<i><u><span style="color: red;">What is Virtual private Network?</span></u></i><br />
<i><u><span style="color: red;"><br /></span></u></i>
<span style="color: #444444;">Virtual private network (VPN) is a technology that is used by large organizations that use the global Internet for both intra- and inter organization communication, but require privacy in their internal communications.</span><br />
<span style="color: #444444;"><br /></span>
<span style="color: #444444;">VPN technology uses IPSec in the tunnel mode to provide authentication, integrity, and privacy.</span><br />
<span style="color: #444444;">All messages for internal communication will travel through Internet after encapsulated inside another packet using IPSec Tunneling.</span><br />
<span style="color: #444444;"><br /></span>
<span style="color: #444444;">The public network (Internet) is responsible for carrying the packet from Source side router to destination side router. Outsiders cannot decipher the contents of the packet or the</span><br />
<span style="color: #444444;">source and destination addresses. Deciphering takes place at destination router, which finds the destination address of the packet and delivers it.</span><br />
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<i><u><span style="color: red;">Explain Secure Socket layer (SSL)?</span></u></i><br />
<i><u><span style="color: red;"><br /></span></u></i>
<span style="color: #444444;">Secure Socket Layer (SSL) is designed to provide security and compression to data generated from the application layer.</span><br />
<span style="color: #444444;"><br /></span>
<span style="color: #444444;">1.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>SSL divides the data into blocks of 214 bytes or less.</span><br />
<span style="color: #444444;">2.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Each fragment of data is compressed by using one of the lossless compression methods</span><br />
<span style="color: #444444;">3.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>To preserve the integrity of data, SSL uses a keyed-hash function to create a MAC.</span><br />
<span style="color: #444444;">4.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>To provide confidentiality, the original data is encrypted using symmetric key</span><br />
<span style="color: #444444;">5.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>A header is added to the encrypted payload. The payload is then passed to a reliable transport layer protocol.</span><br />
<span style="color: #444444;"><br /></span>
<span style="color: #444444;">Transport Layer Security (TLS) is the IETF standard version of SSL.</span><br />
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<u><i><span style="color: red;">What is the use of Pretty Good Privacy (PGP)?</span></i></u><br />
<span style="color: #444444;"> PGP is designed to create authenticated and confidential e-mails.</span><br />
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<i><u><span style="color: red;">What is Firewall?</span></u></i><br />
<i><u><span style="color: red;"><br /></span></u></i>
<span style="color: #444444;">A firewall is a device (usually a router) installed between the internal network of an organization and the rest of the Internet. It is designed to filter some packets.</span><br />
<span style="color: #444444;"><br /></span>
<span style="color: #444444;">Packet Filter: It can forward or block packets based on the IP addresses , Transport layer protocol or port addresses. It uses a filtering table to decide which packets must be discarded (not forwarded).</span><br />
<span style="color: #444444;"><br /></span>
<span style="color: #444444;">Proxy firewall: The server opens the packet at the application level and finds out if the request is legitimate.</span><br />
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v!p!nhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01741983601480799957noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3733565957507572815.post-40288927381516497142014-10-26T15:50:00.001+05:302014-10-26T15:51:19.602+05:30SSC CGL 2014 Questions Answer Key and Cut off<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
Hey friends...<br />
<br />
Here I am posting Questions asked in SSC CGL 2014 and respective answer. Hope it will be seful for SSC Aspirants!<br />
<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgobV0HBcqmZnRSe8TgMIXyE_BXQtl6QjrkCEHcZ4HYDZrBirhv6z78c6LwKv-WtjzZ2bqWmhy_IbxYaEVYDgsluPVGNHQIKWBcLAjeSwfZ5YKIVRw8bO8p15uB_OaOYjMWcPmIXCwzAKs/s1600/sscccccccc.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgobV0HBcqmZnRSe8TgMIXyE_BXQtl6QjrkCEHcZ4HYDZrBirhv6z78c6LwKv-WtjzZ2bqWmhy_IbxYaEVYDgsluPVGNHQIKWBcLAjeSwfZ5YKIVRw8bO8p15uB_OaOYjMWcPmIXCwzAKs/s1600/sscccccccc.jpg" /></a></div>
SSC CGL 2014<br /><br />Name the Italian traveller who visited the Vijayanagar empire in 1420AD?<br />a)Edoardo Barbosa<br />b)Nicolode Conti<br />c) Abdur Razzag<br />d)Domingos Paes<br /><br />Ans b<br /></div>
v!p!nhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01741983601480799957noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3733565957507572815.post-33901119986861395922013-10-07T20:31:00.001+05:302013-10-07T20:31:32.039+05:30IBPS OCTOBER 2013 QUESTIONS<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<h3 class="post-title entry-title">
<span style="font-size: small;"><i><span style="font-weight: normal;">These are the collected Questions Asked In IBPS Exam-06-10-2013.!! hope it will be useful ..!! SHARE IT..</span></i></span></h3>
<h3 class="post-title entry-title">
<br /><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi01Vnz3AGX7irflDybVKx7w8rPAlGLJKst8TmfKcs5ieXqmNT3rW932T_rSg2G25o2Ob06o0s1uSBXIo8MljLzN8F2aiUAQwTtsS3eMVrlAOb8i_bF45B4cKZF9JoYav1MZ-VrcLHja7E/s1600/Exam-paper.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi01Vnz3AGX7irflDybVKx7w8rPAlGLJKst8TmfKcs5ieXqmNT3rW932T_rSg2G25o2Ob06o0s1uSBXIo8MljLzN8F2aiUAQwTtsS3eMVrlAOb8i_bF45B4cKZF9JoYav1MZ-VrcLHja7E/s400/Exam-paper.jpg" width="400" /></a></span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><i><span style="font-weight: normal;"><br /></span></i></span></h3>
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">1. Base Rate is decided by? </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">2. Full Form of RKBY?- Rashtriya Krishi Bima Yojana</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">3. Monetary Policy is reviewed after?</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">4. Who is the present Shipping Minister?- G K Vasan</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">5. Currency of Malaysia?- Malaysian ringgit</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">6. PAN full form?- Permanent Account Number</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">7. President of France?- Francois Hollande</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">8. Human Rights Day is on? December 10</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">9. Authour of “Interpreter of Maladies”?- Jhumpa Lahari</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">10. Fulform of MICR?-Magnetic Ink Character Recognition</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">11. Headquarters of UN Population fund?- Newyork</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">12. Chambal river flows into?- Yamuna</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">13. Fund allocated to SC sub groups in budget is?</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">14. Capital of Greece?- Athens</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">15. Capital of Dadar & Nagar Haveli?- Silvassa</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">16. Hirakund dam is situated in?</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">17. FEMA enacted in which year?- 1999</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">18. Bank Rate is?</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">19. Which sports is reinstated in olympics 2020 & 2024?- Wrestling</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">20. Which is the tiger city?</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">21. What is pay now buy now?</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">22. Foreign exchange is managed by?</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">23. Five year plan is finaly aproved by?</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">24. Gaganjeet Bhullar is associated with which Game?- Golf</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">25. Abhjeet Gupta is associated with which sports?- Chess</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">26. Chillika lake is situated at?- Orissa</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">27. Cooperative societies act in which year?- 1992</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi01Vnz3AGX7irflDybVKx7w8rPAlGLJKst8TmfKcs5ieXqmNT3rW932T_rSg2G25o2Ob06o0s1uSBXIo8MljLzN8F2aiUAQwTtsS3eMVrlAOb8i_bF45B4cKZF9JoYav1MZ-VrcLHja7E/s1600/Exam-paper.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><br /></a></div>
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v!p!nhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01741983601480799957noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3733565957507572815.post-22017440747925779072013-09-07T22:12:00.002+05:302013-09-07T22:15:58.730+05:30How to Create GOD MODE FOLDER in Windows 7<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg3b9mB1epcDaqSBzKNc1ISo3A7QCCf7M3fZiKpVFb9zP0ywz09u3TB4yFpHvCYbcDL8GOkMzhyphenhyphen8U0otT5hrRVqXdk5fAS5Pi7l2TNbzeKHpRv7jCiIQFkkvyOJkjr5HeYpmI3rJ8eRZzs/s1600/Untitled.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><br /></a></div>
Hello folks,<br />
<br />
This time I'm gonna tell an interesting yet quite useful trick to you. This will help you to make a GOD MODE FOLDER in Windows 7 in just two steps..!!<br />
<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg3b9mB1epcDaqSBzKNc1ISo3A7QCCf7M3fZiKpVFb9zP0ywz09u3TB4yFpHvCYbcDL8GOkMzhyphenhyphen8U0otT5hrRVqXdk5fAS5Pi7l2TNbzeKHpRv7jCiIQFkkvyOJkjr5HeYpmI3rJ8eRZzs/s1600/Untitled.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="484" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg3b9mB1epcDaqSBzKNc1ISo3A7QCCf7M3fZiKpVFb9zP0ywz09u3TB4yFpHvCYbcDL8GOkMzhyphenhyphen8U0otT5hrRVqXdk5fAS5Pi7l2TNbzeKHpRv7jCiIQFkkvyOJkjr5HeYpmI3rJ8eRZzs/s640/Untitled.png" width="640" /></a><br />
<i><br /><u><span style="color: #38761d;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Wait, What is this GOD MODE FOLDER??</span></span></u></i><br />
<br />
Okay, Simply speaking it's a folder containing all the shortcuts to just about every settings change and administrative function in Windows 7...!! <br />
<br />
<span style="color: #38761d;"><u><i>Good.. But Why I need??</i></u></span><br />
<br />
Just think ~ All settings in one folder..!! You don't need to swing from one category to another to edit your preference. Usually you have to scan a lot in all categories unless you know exactly where you can edit..<br />
<br />
And, it also provides how much we can explore in settings of Windows..!!it's a pretty long list of things to remember - so having a nice reference like this could actually be useful from time to time.<br />
<span style="color: #38761d;"><u><i><br />Great... How to create this GOD MODE FOLDER??</i></u></span><br />
<br />
Yeah.. With just TWO steps.!!!<br />
<ul>
<li>Create a new folder anywhere</li>
<li>Rename the folder and paste in the following text: <b><br />GodMode.{ED7BA470-8E54-465E-825C-99712043E01C}</b><div style="text-align: center;">
<div style="text-align: center;">
<marquee>
Cool na? Hope this trick will be useful for you..!! :) </marquee></div>
</div>
<b><br /></b></li>
</ul>
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v!p!nhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01741983601480799957noreply@blogger.com0Hyderabad,Andhra Pradesh, India17.245744208007128 78.491821289062516.760906708007127 77.8463742890625 17.730581708007129 79.1372682890625tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3733565957507572815.post-68677519610682668522013-08-29T14:45:00.000+05:302013-08-29T14:50:54.702+05:30Trick to Find Cube Root of a number without Calculator<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Today I 'm gonna share a simple trick to find the Cube Root of any number (perfect Cubes only) without the need of any calculator..!! A sample C program is also providing to prove this trick will work correctly for all perfect cubes.!! </span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Here We Go..!! :)</i></span></span><br />
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<u><span style="font-size: large;"><b>Trick Used:</b></span></u><br />
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We will follow these steps to find the cube root of a number:<br />
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1. Ignore the last 3 digits of the number. Let remaining number be “Part1”.<br />
2. From the above table check which number’s cube is less than or equal to ‘Part1’. It will be left part of our answer. Let it be “L”.<br />
3. Let Right part of our answer be “R”. It will be determined from the above table. For Ex. If last digit of question is 7, then last digit of our answer will be 3<br />
4. Our answer will be L|R.<br />
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<i><b>Example 1</b></i><br />
Suppose we want to find the cube root of 21952.<br />
Step 1: Ignore last three digits of 21952. Remaining number left is ’21′.<br />
Step 2: From the above table cube of ’2′ is less than ’21′. Therefore left part (L) of our answer will be ’2′.<br />
Step 3: Since last digit of ‘21952‘ is ‘2‘. Therefore right part (R) of our answer will be ’8′. (Because Last digit of ‘cube of 8′ is 2. see table above.)<br />
Step 4: Our Answer will be L|R. Therefore Answer will be 2|8 = 28.<br />
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<span style="color: #38761d;"><i><span style="font-size: large;"><b>PROOF </b></span></i></span><br />
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This C program verifies this trick that it will work correctly for all perfect cubes.!! <br />
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">#include<stdio.h><br /><br />int main()<br /><br />{<br /> int cube[]= {0,1,8,27,64,125, 216,343 ,512 ,729 };<br /> int last_digit[]={0,1,8,7,4,5,6,3,2,9};<br /> int i=0,j=0, num, part1,part2, ans1, ans2,flag;<br /><br /><br />flag =1; <br />for (i=0 ;i<44;i++)<br />{<br />num =i*i*i; // <span style="color: magenta;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">eg : 21952</span></span><br />part1 = num/1000; // <span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="color: magenta;">21</span></span><br />for (j=0;j<10;j++)<br /><br />if (cube[j]>part1) // <span style="color: magenta;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">27>21</span></span><br /> break; //<span style="color: magenta;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">j=3</span></span><br /> ans1 =j-1; // <span style="color: magenta;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">ans1 =2</span></span><br /><br />part2 = num%10; //<span style="color: magenta;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">2</span></span><br />for (j=0;j<10;j++)<br />if(part2 == last_digit[j]) break; <br /><br />ans2 = j; //<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="color: magenta;">8</span></span><br /><br />ans1= ans1*10 +ans2; //<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="color: magenta;">28</span></span><br /><br />if (i!=ans1) flag = 0;<br /><br />} <br /> if (flag) printf ("VERIFIED"); <br />else printf ("ERROR OCCURED"); </span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"> return 1;<br /> }</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><i>Hope this post was useful for you.!!<br />Your feedback and suggestion are always welcome..!! Keep in touch.<br />hugs :)</i></span><br />
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v!p!nhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01741983601480799957noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3733565957507572815.post-33073338335245165242013-07-26T16:57:00.002+05:302014-06-19T23:44:32.654+05:30Prasar Bharti Engineering Assistant Exam 2013 Complete Solution<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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Hello folks,<br />
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Here I'm providing the complete questions and solutions for Prasar Bharti Engineering Assistant Exam 2013 Complete Questions and answers held on 21 July 2013.<br />
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1. Identify the leader of Satya Shodhak Samaj:<br />
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A. Dayanand Saraswathi<br />
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B. Jyotiba Phule<br />
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C. Gopal Krishna Gokhale<br />
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D. Dadoba Pandurang<br />
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2. The highway road network in Germany is called:<br />
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A. Autoroute<br />
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B. Autobahn<br />
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C. Autostrade<br />
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D. Autoway<br />
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3. When lactate is used to synthesize glucose/glycogen, the process is called:<br />
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A. Gluconeogenesis<br />
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B. Glucogenesis<br />
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C. Glycogenesis<br />
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D. Glyconeogenesis<br />
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4. If Gross domestic Product is greater than Gross National Product, it means<br />
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A. Indirect taxes are greater than subsidies.<br />
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B. subsidies are greater than Indirect taxes.<br />
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C. Imports are greater than exports.<br />
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D. exports are greater than imports.<br />
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5. Marginal cost of nth unit is equal to<br />
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A. TCn - TC n-1<br />
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B. TCn - TC n+1<br />
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C. TCn + TC n-1<br />
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D. TCn + TC n+1<br />
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6. One of the following statements is wrong:<br />
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A. Competition is free markets promotes efficiency in the working of capitalistic economy<br />
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B. The main objective of capitalism is to bring about a socialistic pattern of society.<br />
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C. Profit motive is the heart of all the institutions of capitalism<br />
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D. private ownership of property is indospensible for proper functioning of capitalism<br />
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7.The law of demand expresses<br />
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A. an opposite relationship between the demand of a commodity and it's supply.<br />
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B. a direct supply between income of a consumer and his demand<br />
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C. a positive relationship between the income of a consumer and his demand<br />
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D. an inverse relationship between the quantity demanded and the price of a commodity.<br />
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8. A netadditiontoalready existing stock of capital means:<br />
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A. positive net Saving<br />
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B. improved technology<br />
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C. increased production<br />
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D. positive net investment<br />
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9. The system of delegated legislation has enhanced the power of the<br />
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A. Bureaucracy<br />
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B. Legislature<br />
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C. Legislature Committees<br />
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D.Council of ministers<br />
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10. Martin Luther was related to<br />
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A. reformation<br />
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B. geographical discovery<br />
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C. restoration<br />
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D. renaissance<br />
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11. The idea of popular Sovereignty was advocated by:<br />
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A. Locke<br />
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B. Rousseau<br />
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C. Austin<br />
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D. Hobbes<br />
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12. Without prior intimation, any member can raise a question on any issue in parliament during<br />
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A. Zero hour<br />
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B.recess Time<br />
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C. Closure motion<br />
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D. Question Hour<br />
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13. Which committee recommended Fundamental duties for the citizens?<br />
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A. Swaran singh<br />
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B. raj narain<br />
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C. Balwant rai<br />
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D. Patel<br />
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14. The idea of" reverse discrimination" implies<br />
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A. Discrimination in decreasing order.<br />
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B. equating rich and poor in electoral arena<br />
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C.bestowing favored treatment to the hitherto deprived sections<br />
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D. establishing institutional checks against arbitrary distinction<br />
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15. Chola's local self government had assemblies of _____ types.<br />
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A. 4<br />
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B. 5<br />
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C. 6<br />
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D. 3<br />
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16.ITCZ refers to __________ Zone<br />
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A. inter Trade Center<br />
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B. Inter Tropical convergence<br />
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C. Inter Transitional Center<br />
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D.Inter Transitional convergence<br />
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17. Stream Frequency is the<br />
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A. Area required to sustain one unit length of the channel<br />
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B. Number of channels per unit area<br />
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C. Channel area per stream<br />
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D. Channel length per unit area<br />
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18. Which of the following seas is without coastline?<br />
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A. Sargaso sea<br />
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B. Sea of Okhotsk<br />
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C. Tasmania sea<br />
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D. White sea<br />
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19. Identify the leader of Satya Shodhak Samaj<br />
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A. Dayanand Saraswathi<br />
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B. Jyotiba Phule<br />
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C. Gopal Krishna Gokhale<br />
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D. Dadoba Pandurang<br />
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For complete question set <span style="font-size: large;"><a href="https://docs.google.com/file/d/0B66bg1wP9R5-LWF5aHNIOFNzOGM/edit" target="_blank">Click here</a></span><br />
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v!p!nhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01741983601480799957noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3733565957507572815.post-27210289599328440312013-07-25T19:36:00.000+05:302015-05-10T20:31:57.868+05:30POSTAL ASSISTANT EXAM 2013 RESULT<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<br />The List of shortlisted candidates for the Computer Typing / Data Entry (PAPER II) for Kerala Postal Circles ? <a href="http://www.eonlineapply.com/dop/pages/index.htm" target="_blank">CLICK HERE</a><br />
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All The Best..!!</div>
v!p!nhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01741983601480799957noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3733565957507572815.post-6255089996241656732013-05-23T14:10:00.000+05:302013-05-24T21:48:31.489+05:30KALQ is gonna outdate QWERTY?<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><i>Hai buddies</i>,<br /><br /> You must be familiar with the term QWERTY. But you ever heard about <span style="font-size: large;">KALQ</span>?<br /><br />Simply speaking,<span style="color: blue;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"> KALQ is a new split screen keyboard designed to speed up thumb typing on tablets and large smart phones.</span></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"> In this post am gonna say a few words about what is KALQ, why it s needed and a small comparison between QWERTY and KALQ.<br /><br />Here we go.!<br /><br />As Alexander the great said ,touchscreen tablets also came ,saw, conquered our hearts. It taught our thumbs to pinch and swipe, slide and scroll. Yes, we are pretty habituated. But still texting through touch screen is sometimes not handy.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">I think many will agree with this statement.<br /><br />Heard a good news that Researchers at the University of St Andrews have developed a split-screen keyboard, specifically optimized for thumbs, which they claim can increase typing speeds by more than a third.its KALQ.<br /><br /><b><span style="color: blue;"><i>Why the name KALQ?</i></span></b><br /><br />New keyboard KALQ got its name from the letters at the bottom right of the keyboard.<br /><br /><b><i><span style="color: blue;">What is new in KALQ?</span></i></b><br /><br />Keys in two Blocks:<br />Designed to save your thumbs stretching across the screen and making repeated taps, Kalq splits the keys into two blocks, 16 to the left, 12 to the right. Commonly used letters are clustered together and frequent pairs of letters placed on alternate sides, so each hand does the same amount of work.'<br /><br />Researchers say "Tests show that after only 10 hours of training, users were able to reach 37 words a minute, compared with the average of 20 words a minute on a qwerty device..!!"<br /><br /><br /><b><i><span style="color: blue;">Did you know?</span></i></b><br /><br />The mechanism of typewrite, the pioneer, staggered letters diagonally across the keyboard, rather than arranged in a rectilinear grid, to prevent the levers from running into one another.Qwerty followed the same just for purely mechanical considerations, yet it has endured until today and been unquestioningly translated into the touchscreen arena.<br /><br />Will Kalq finally have what it takes to revolutionize typing in our increasingly thumbs-only world?? <br />Time will give the answer.<br />Wait n C..!!</span></div>
v!p!nhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01741983601480799957noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3733565957507572815.post-45340329655209484372013-05-19T21:22:00.001+05:302013-05-19T21:23:03.673+05:30Find out what programs/ applications are accessing my internet in windows 7<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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Hai friends,<br />
<br />
In this post I'll explain how to find out what programs/ applications are accessing your internet in windows 7. Many people want to monitor what are the application currently accessing the internet to curb the unwanted programs from doing so. No need to install any new app or software. We can use there in built in facility available in Windows 7.<br />
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Here we Go..!!<br />
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(1) Go Start menu.<br />
(2)Type "Resource Monitor"<br />
(3)Click "Resource Monitor" program.<br />
(4) Go to Network tab in window(top side)<br />
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Now, you can monitor what are the programs accessing your internet.<br />
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Hope this post was useful to you..!! Comment your experience..!! see you again..!!<br />
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v!p!nhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01741983601480799957noreply@blogger.com0